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Volume 20, Number 5—May 2014

Research

Human Papillomavirus Prevalence in Oropharyngeal Cancer before Vaccine Introduction, United States

Martin SteinauComments to Author , Mona Saraiya, Marc T. Goodman, Edward S. Peters, Meg Watson, Jennifer L. Cleveland, Charles F. Lynch, Edward J. Wilkinson, Brenda Y. Hernandez, Glen Copeland, Maria S. Saber, Claudia Hopenhayn, Youjie Huang, Wendy Cozen, Christopher Lyu, Elizabeth R. Unger, and the HPV Typing of Cancers Workgroup
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (M. Steinau, M. Saraiya, M. Watson, J.L. Cleveland, E.R. Unger); Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA (M.T. Goodman); Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA (E.S. Peters); University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA (C.F. Lynch); University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA (E.J. Wilkinson); University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA (B.Y. Hernandez); Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program, Lansing, Michigan, USA (G. Copeland); Los Angeles Cancer Registry, Los Angeles, California, USA (M.S. Saber, W. Cozen); University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA (C. Hopenhayn); Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, Florida, USA (Y. Huang); Battelle Memorial Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA (C. Lyu)

Main Article

Table 2

High-risk and HPV types16 and 18 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas by demographic and tumor characteristics, select United States registries, 1995–2005*

Characteristic Total no. High-risk HPV, no. (%) pos.† HPV-16/18, no. (%) pos.‡
Registry
Los Angeles Co., CA 20 17 (85.0) 14 (70.0)
Florida 140 101 (72.1) 89 (63.6)
Hawaii 39 33 (84.6) 32 (82.1)
Iowa 13 4 (30.7) 4 (30.7)
Kentucky 116 74 (63.8) 69 (59.5)
Louisiana 95 75 (78.9) 61 (64.2)
Michigan 134 92 (68.6) 79 (59.0)
p value
 NA
 <0.001
 0.032
Age, y
<50 106 83 (78.3) 74 (69.8)
50–59 191 142 (74.3) 127 (66.5)
60–69 156 102 (65.4) 89 (57.1)
≥70 104 69 (65.4) 58 (55.8)
p value
 NA
 0.064
 0.053
Sex
F 141 91 (64.5) 74 (52.5)
M 416 305 (74.3) 274 (65.9)
p value
 NA
 0.053
 0.006
Race/ethnicity
Asian/Pacific Islander 20 16 (80.0) 16 (80.0)
Non-Hispanic Black 71 36 (50.7) 22 (31.0)
Hispanic 39 29 (74.4) 27 (69.2)
Non-Hispanic White 421 310 (73.6) 278 (67.5)
Other 6 5 (83.3) 5 (83.3)
p value
 NA
 0.002
 <0.001
Tumor stage
Local 102 60 (58.8) 51 (50.0)
Regional 318 248 (78.0) 225 (70.8)
Distant (metastatic) 76 51 (67.1) 42 (55.3)
Unknown 61 37 (60.7) 30 (49.2)
p value
 NA
 0.001
 <0.001
Tumor subsite
Base of tongue 213 149 (70.0) 129 (60.6)
Tonsil 250 201 (80.4) 181 (72.4)
Other 94 46 (48.9) 38 (40.4)
p value NA <0.001 <0.001

*p values for differences between categories were calculated by χ2/Fisher exact test. HPV, human papilloma virus; pos., positive; Co., county; NA, not applicable.
†Positive for any of the high-risk types: HPV-16, -18, -31, -33, -35, -39, -45, -51, -52, -56, -58, -59, -66, -68.
‡HPV-16/18 = positive for HPV-16 and/or HPV-18.

Main Article

1Members of HPV Typing of Cancers Workgroup who contributed to this study are listed at the end of this article.

Page created: April 16, 2014
Page updated: April 16, 2014
Page reviewed: April 16, 2014
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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