Volume 21, Number 4—April 2015
Research
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Infection among Workers at Live Bird Markets, Bangladesh, 2009–2010
Table 2
Characteristics of live bird market workers with evidence of seroconversion against avian influenza A(H5N1) virus, Bangladesh, 2009–2010*
Characteristic | PW1 | PW2 | PW3 | PW4 | PW5 | PW6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Personal characteristic | ||||||
Age, y | 28 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 38 | 19 |
Smoke tobacco | + | − | + | − | − | + |
Have chronic medical condition |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
Exposure to poultry or virus | ||||||
Handle sick poultry | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Perform tasks with sick poultry | ||||||
Transport poultry | + | + | + | + | − | + |
Feed poultry | − | + | + | + | − | + |
Clean feeding tray | − | − | + | + | − | + |
Clean water container | − | + | + | + | − | + |
Medicate sick poultry | − | − | + | − | − | − |
Separate sick poultry | − | + | + | + | + | + |
Slaughter poultry | − | + | + | + | − | + |
Defeather poultry | − | + | − | + | − | + |
Eviscerate poultry | − | + | − | + | − | + |
Stuff poultry into bags | + | − | − | + | + | + |
Clean feces from pen | − | − | + | − | − | + |
Hand-carry sick poultry or held poultry on lap | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Carry baskets containing sick poultry on head | − | − | − | − | − | − |
Eat raw/undercooked poultry or eggs |
− |
+ |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
Precautions taken when handling sick poultry | ||||||
Use personal protective equipment† | − | − | − | − | − | − |
Wash hands at the market after working with the poultry | + | + | − | + | − | − |
Change clothes upon returning home |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Presence of influenza-like illness in past 21 d |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
Interval, d, between detection of virus–positive surveillance sample and follow-up collection of serum sample from worker |
49 |
50 |
54 |
56 |
91 |
26 |
Neutralizing antibody titer, geometric mean‡ | ||||||
Baseline | 5 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Follow-up | 40 | 61 | 49 | 40 | 66 | 67 |
*PW, poultry worker; +, characteristic present; −, characteristic not present.
†Apron, gloves, dedicated coveralls, cloth mask, and boots.
‡By microneutralization assay, using influenza A/Bangladesh/3233/2011 (H5N1, clade 2.2) virus.