Volume 21, Number 6—June 2015
Dispatch
Oligoarthritis Caused by Borrelia bavariensis, Austria, 2014
Table 1
Primer or probe | Target gene | Sequence, 5′ → 3′ | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Primer | |||
16SF | 16S rDNA | GCT GTA AAC GAT GCA CAC TTG GT | (6) |
16SR | 16S rDNA | GGC GGC ACA CTT AAC ACG TTA G | (6) |
BorF | Flagellin | GAA TTA GCA GTT CAA TCA GG | (7) |
BorR | Flagellin | TTC GTC TGT AAG TTG CTC TAT | (7) |
rrf-rrl IGS F | 5S–23S IGS | CTG CGA GTT CGC GGG AGA | (8) |
rrf-rrl IGS R | 5S–23S IGS | TCC TAG GCA TTC ACC ATA | (8) |
B5S-23S_Fn | 5S–23S IGS | GAG TTC GCG GGA GAG TAA G | (8) |
B5S-23S_Rn | 5S–23S IGS | TAG GCA TTC ACC ATA GAC TCT T | (8) |
V1a | ospA | GGG AAT AGG TCT AAT ATT AGC | (10) |
V1b | ospA | GGG GAT AGG TCT AAT ATT AGC | (10) |
V3a | ospA | GCC TTA ATA GCA TGT AAG C | (10) |
V3b | ospA | GCC TTA ATA GCA TGC AAG C | (10) |
R1 | ospA | CAT AAA TTC TCC TTA TTT TAA AGC | (10) |
R37 | ospA | CCT TAT TTT AAA GCG GC | (10) |
Probe | |||
LBTM | 16S rDNA gene | FAM–TTC GGT ACT AAC TTT TAG TTA A–TAMRA | (6) |
BorTM | Flagellin gene | FAM–AAC GGC ACA TAT TCA GAT GCA GAC–TAMRA | (7) |
*IGS, intergenic spacer.
References
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clinical manifestations of confirmed Lyme disease cases—United States, 2001–2010 [cited 2014 Dec 11]. http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/stats/chartstables/casesbysymptom.html
- Berglund J, Eitrem R, Ornstein K, Lindberg A, Ringér A, Elmrud H, An epidemiologic study of Lyme disease in southern Sweden. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1319–27. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Strle F, Stanek G. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of lyme borreliosis. Curr Probl Dermatol. 2009;37:51–110.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Stanek G, Wormser GP, Gray J, Strle F. Lyme borreliosis. Lancet. 2012;379:461–73. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Huppertz HI, Michels H. Pattern of joint involvement in children with Lyme arthritis. Br J Rheumatol. 1996;35:1016–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Tsao JI, Wootton JT, Bunikis J, Luna MG, Fish D, Barbour AG. An ecological approach to preventing human infection: vaccinating wild mouse reservoirs intervenes in the Lyme disease cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:18159–64. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Leschnik MW, Khanakah G, Duscher G, Wille-Piazzai W, Hörweg C, Joachim A, Species, developmental stage and infection with microbial pathogens of engorged ticks removed from dogs and questing ticks. Med Vet Entomol. 2012;26:440–6. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Wilhelmsson P, Fryland L, Börjesson S, Nordgren J, Bergström S, Ernerudh J, Prevalence and diversity of Borrelia species in ticks that have bitten humans in Sweden. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48:4169–76. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Margos G, Vollmer SA, Cornet M, Garnier M, Fingerle V, Wilske B, A new Borrelia species defined by multilocus sequence analysis of housekeeping genes. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009;75:5410–6. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Michel H, Wilske B, Hettche G, Göttner G, Heimerl C, Reischl U, An ospA-polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism-based method for sensitive detection and reliable differentiation of all European Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species and OspA types. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2004;193:219–26. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Eiffert H, Karsten A, Thomssen R, Christen HJ. Characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi strains in Lyme arthritis. Scand J Infect Dis. 1998;30:265–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Vasiliu V, Herzer P, Rössler D, Lehnert G, Wilske B. Heterogeneity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato demonstrated by an ospA-type-specific PCR in synovial fluid from patients with Lyme arthritis. Med Microbiol Immunol. 1998;187:97–102. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- van der Heijden IM, Wilbrink B, Rijpkema SG, Schouls LM, Heymans PH, van Embden JD, Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto by reverse line blot in the joints of Dutch patients with Lyme arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42:1473–80. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Jaulhac B, Heller R, Limbach FX, Hansmann Y, Lipsker D, Monteil H, Direct molecular typing of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in synovial samples from patients with Lyme arthritis. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38:1895–900.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Steere AC, Angelis SM. Therapy for Lyme arthritis: strategies for the treatment of antibiotic-refractory arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:3079–86. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
Page created: May 15, 2015
Page updated: May 15, 2015
Page reviewed: May 15, 2015
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.