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Volume 22, Number 3—March 2016

Research

Decreased Time to Treatment Initiation for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients after Use of Xpert MTB/RIF Test, Latvia

Helen R. StaggComments to Author , Peter A. White, Vija Riekstiņa, Andra Cīrule, Ģirts Šķenders, Vaira Leimane1, Liga Kuksa1, Gunta Dravniece, James Brown, and Charlotte Jackson
Author affiliations: University College London, London, UK (H.R. Stagg, J. Brown, C. Jackson); Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, London (P.J. White); National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Modelling Methodology, London (P.J. White); Imperial College School of Public Health, London (P.J. White); Public Health England, London (P.J. White); University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia (V. Riekstiņa); Riga East University Hospital, Riga (V. Riekstiņa, A. Cīrule, Ģ. Šķenders, V. Leimane, L. Kuksa); KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, the Netherlands (G. Dravniece); Royal Free London National Health Service Trust, London (J. Brown)

Main Article

Table 1

Descriptive analysis of 387 patients in MDR TB treatment cohorts, Latvia, 2009–2012*

Variable Total, no. (%) Xpert MTB/RIF, no. (%)
Not conducted Conducted, rifampin-resistant TB Conducted, negative result
Overall exposure 387 (100.0) 262 (67.7) 110 (28.4) 15 (3.9)
Xpert MTB/RIF
Not conducted 262 (67.7) NA NA NA
Conducted, rifampin-resistant TB 110 (28.4) NA NA NA
Conducted, negative result 15 (3.9) NA NA NA
Year reported
2009 114 (29.5) 114 (100.0) 0 0
2010 80 (20.7) 67 (83.8) 10 (12.5) 3 (3.8)
2011 91 (23.5) 41 (45.1) 45 (49.5) 5 (5.5)
2012 102 (26.4) 40 (39.2) 55 (53.9) 7 (6.9)
Sex
M 295 (76.2) 200 (67.8) 88 (29.8) 7 (2.4)
F 92 (23.8) 62 (67.4) 22 (23.9) 8 (8.7)
Age, y
<20 5 (1.3) 4 (80.0) 1 (20.0) 0
20–39 151 (39.0) 92 (60.9) 53 (35.1) 6 (4.0)
40–59 190 (49.1) 135 (71.1) 47 (24.7) 8 (4.2)
≥60 41 (10.6) 31(75.6) 9 (22.0) 1 (2.4)
Country of birth
Latvia 355 (91.7) 241 (67.9) 100 (28.2) 14 (3.9)
Other 32 (8.3) 21 (65.6) 10 (31.3) 1 (3.1)
Region of Latvia
Riga 148 (38.2) 83 (56.1) 56 (37.8) 9 (6.1)
Other 239 (61.8) 179 (74.9) 54 (22.6) 6 (2.5)
Social risk factors
None or unknown 201 (51.9) 137 (68.2) 58 (28.9) 6 (3.0)
>1 186 (48.1) 125 (67.2) 52 (28.0) 9 (4.8)
Previous TB
No 255 (65.9) 154 (60.4) 90 (35.3) 11 (4.3)
Yes 132 (34.1) 108 (81.8) 20 (15.2) 4 (3.0)
Site of disease
Pulmonary 348 (89.9) 245 (70.4) 91 (26.1) 12 (3.4)
Pulmonary and extrapulmonary 39 (10.1) 17 (43.6) 19 (48.7) 3 (7.7)
HIV status
Negative 294 (76.0) 210 (71.4) 74 (25.2) 10 (3.4)
Positive 56 (14.5) 24 (42.9) 29 (51.8) 3 (5.4)
Unknown 37 (9.6) 28 (75.7) 7 (18.9) 2 (5.4)

*Prisoners with MDR TB and persons with only extrapulmonary MDR TB were excluded. MDR TB, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; MTB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; RIF, rifampin; NA, not applicable.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

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