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Volume 22, Number 5—May 2016
Research

Acute Human Inkoo and Chatanga Virus Infections, Finland

Niina PutkuriComments to Author , Anu Kantele, Lev Levanov, Ilkka Kivistö, Markus Brummer-Korvenkontio, Antti Vaheri, and Olli Vapalahti
Author affiliations: University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (N. Putkuri, L. Levanov, I. Kivistö, M. Brummer-Korvenkontio, A. Vaheri, O. Vapalahti); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A. Kantele, A. Vaheri, O. Vapalahti)

Main Article

Table 3

Clinical concurrent conditions and immunofluorescence and neutralization titers of patients with IgM-positive California serogroup virus infections in Finland, 2001–2013*

Patient no. IgG IFA titer IgM IFA titer PCR result Underlying illness Reason for medical care PRNT titer
INKV CHATV TAHV
1 160 160 Neg – Hospitalized (unknown infection)† 320 40 40
2 80 40 Neg – Hospitalized (unknown infection)† 320 640‡ 40
3 120 40 Neg – Hospitalized (unknown infection)† 320 40 40
4 >640 >320 Neg Hypertension Hospitalized (unknown infection)† 320 20,480 5,120
5§ 160 +/ND¶ ND – Hospitalized (unknown infection)† ND ND ND
6§ 320 +/ND¶ ND – Hospitalized (unknown infection)† ND ND ND
7 80 >320 Neg Type 2 diabetes, hypertension Fever (unknown infection)† >640 40 80
8 320 40 Neg – No information 320 <20 <20
9 80 80 Neg Asthma, immunodeficiency No information 160 40 <40
10 40 20 ND Hypothyroidism Follow-up visit (suspected MS, neurologic disorder) 160 20 40
11 320 >320 Neg – Follow-up visit (recurrent respiratory tract infections for 4 mo, suspected immunodeficiency) 320 40 80
12 <20 40 Neg Schizophrenia, hypothyroidism Follow-up visit (HSV eye infection, rash, Steven-Johnson syndrome) 320 20 40
13 160 120 Neg – Hospitalized, acute infection (E. coli urosepsis) 160 40 40
14 <20 120 Neg MS disease, hypothyroidism Hospitalized, acute infection (HSV infection) >640 <20 20
15 320 120 Neg – Hospitalized, acute infection (impetigo contagiosa) 640 40 40
16 960 40 ND – Hospitalized, multiple infarcts in the central nervous system 1,280 5,120 1,280
17 80 30 Neg – Hospitalized, epidemic nephropathy 320 <20 <20

*CHATV, Chatanga virus; HSV, herpes viruses; IFA, indirect immunofluorescence; INKV, Inkoo virus; MS, multiple sclerosis; ND, PCR not done; PRNT, plaque reduction neutralization test; TAHV, Tahyna virus; –, no underlying illness.
†Full patient history describing INKV or CHATV infection.
‡4-fold difference between titers was not achieved with neutralization test, the diagnostic criterion used to confirm CHATV infection.
§INKV infection confirmed by hemagglutination inhibition test and neutralization test earlier in Helsinki University Central Hospital laboratory.
¶Samples tested were IgM positive, but titer was not tested.

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Page created: April 13, 2016
Page updated: April 13, 2016
Page reviewed: April 13, 2016
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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