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Volume 22, Number 8—August 2016
Research

Enterovirus D68 Infection in Children with Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Colorado, USA, 2014

Negar AliabadiComments to Author , Kevin Messacar, Daniel M. Pastula, Christine C. Robinson, Eyal Leshem, James Sejvar, W. Allan Nix, M. Steven Oberste, Daniel R. Feikin, and Samuel R. Dominguez
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (N. Aliabadi, E. Leshem, J.J. Sejvar, W.A. Nix, M.S. Oberste, D.R. Feikin); Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA (K. Messacar, C.C. Robinson, S.R. Dominguez); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (D.M. Pastula); University of Colorado Denver, Aurora (D.M. Pastula)

Main Article

Table 1

Characteristics of patients with acute flaccid myelitis and control patients, Colorado, August 3–October 18, 2014*

Characteristic Case-patients, 
n = 11 Control patients
RPP-tested† p value BP-tested‡ p value
Sex, no. (%)
M 8 (73) 62 (59) 0.52 124 (53) 0.24
F
 3 (27)
 43 (41)
 NA
 108 (47)
 NA
Age, y, median (IQR, range)
 8 (9, 1–18)
 5 (8, 1–18)
 0.05
 7 (8, 1–18)
 0.14
Respiratory symptoms, no. (%) 10 (91) 82 (79)§ 0.69 221 (97)¶ 0.25
Fever, no. (%) 10 (91) 79 (76)§ 0.45 73 (32)# <0.001
Hospitalized for respiratory symptoms, no. (%)
 0
 11 (11)**
 0.60
 12 (5)¶
 1.00
Enterovirus testing, no. (%)
EV/RV negative 4 (36) 85 (81) NA 165 (71) NA
EV/RV positive, excluding EV-D68 3 (27) 14 (13) 0.08†† 36 (16) 0.12††
EV-D68 positive
 4 (36)
 6 (6)
 0.02‡‡
 31 (13)
 0.03‡‡
Type of specimen, no. (%)
Nasopharyngeal swab 6 (55) 57 (54) 1.00 192 (83) 0.04
Nasopharyngeal aspirate/wash
 5 (45)
 48 (46)
 NA
 40 (17)
 NA
Time to specimen collection, d, median (IQR, range)§§ 10 (7, 7–36) 5 (5, 0–31)¶¶ <0.001 14 (14, 1–120)## 0.91
Epidemiologic wk of specimen collection, median (range) 37 (33–42) 38 (32–42) 0.58 38 (32–42) 0.89

*BP, Bordetella pertussis; EV, enterovirus; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable; RPP, respiratory pathogen panel; RV, rhinovirus.
†Unless otherwise stated, denominator is 105 for RPP-tested controls.
‡Unless otherwise stated, denominator is 232 for BP-tested controls. Denominators vary slightly because some observations were missing for covariates.
§n = 104.
¶n = 227.
#n = 226.
**n = 103.
††p value comparing EV/RV-positives excluding EV-D68 with EV/RV negatives.
‡‡p value comparing EV-D68 with EV/RV-negatives.
§§No. days between symptom onset and collection of nasopharyngeal specimen.
¶¶n = 102.
##n = 222.

Main Article

Page created: July 15, 2016
Page updated: July 15, 2016
Page reviewed: July 15, 2016
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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