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Volume 23, Number 12—December 2017
Research

Experimental Infection of Common Eider Ducklings with Wellfleet Bay Virus, a Newly Characterized Orthomyxovirus

Valerie Shearn-BochslerComments to Author , Hon Sang Ip, Anne Ballmann, Jeffrey S. Hall, Andrew B. Allison, Jennifer Ballard, Julie C. Ellis, Robert Cook, Samantha E.J. Gibbs, and Chris Dwyer
Author affiliations: US Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (V. Shearn-Bochsler, H.S. Ip, A. Ballmann, J.S. Hall); Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA (A.B. Allison); Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA (J. Ballard); Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA (J.C. Ellis); National Park Service, Wellfleet, Massachusetts, USA (R. Cook); US Fish and Wildlife Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (S.E.J. Gibbs); US Fish and Wildlife Service, Hadley, Massachusetts, USA (C. Dwyer)

Main Article

Table 2

Necropsy findings in common eider (Somateria mollissima) ducklings experimentally infected with Wellfleet Bay virus and control ducklings, by control or inoculated status and band number of duckling*

Status and band no. DPI Weight change, %† Health score‡ Virus isolated Liver necrosis Lymphoid depletion Aspergillosis Malaria Muscle parasite
Control
23 2 +4.76 0 No – – + – –
36 4 +22.06 0 No – – + ++ ++
21 10 +20.63 0 No – – + ++ ++
28 10 +19.29 0 No – – – – –
33
 10
 +14.02
 0
 No
 –
 –
 –
 ++
 +
Inoculated
27 2 +2.88 0 Yes +++ +++ ++ – –
52 2 −5.08 0 Yes +++ +++ + – –
16§ 4 −6.52 2 Yes ++ +++ + +++ ++
25 4 −13.60 0 No ++ +++ – + ++
37§ 4 −13.97 2 No ++ +++ – – ++
42 4 −14.02 0 No ++ +++ + – –
22§ 7 −20.14 2 No ++ +++ – ++ +++
29§ 7 −17.87 2 No ++ +++ – – +
48 7 +1.03 0 Yes – ++ + ++ +++
30 10 +13.25 0 No ++ + +++ – –
32 10 +17.20 0 No – + ++ – –
34 10 +36.97 0 Yes + + + + ++
43 10 +17.45 0 No + + + + +++
50 10 +29.27 0 No – – ++ ++ +
59 10 +27.13 0 No – – ++ ++ +
60
 10
 +0.55
 0
 No
 –
 +
 +++
 –
 –
Contact transmission control
11 10 +15.66 0 N – – +++ ++ +

*DPI, days postinoculation; +, mild; ++, moderate; +++, marked; –, negative.
†From day 0 to date of euthanasia.
‡Health scores ranged from 0–3, with 0 indicating normal, 1 indicating mild to moderate clinical abnormalities, 2 indicating severe clinical abnormalities, and 3 indicating death.
§Euthanized because of illness.

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Page created: November 16, 2017
Page updated: November 16, 2017
Page reviewed: November 16, 2017
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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