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Volume 24, Number 12—December 2018
Research

Comparison of 2016–17 and Previous Epizootics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 Guangdong Lineage in Europe

Pablo Alarcon1, Adam Brouwer1Comments to Author , Divya Venkatesh, Daisy Duncan, Chrysostomos I. Dovas, George Georgiades, Isabella Monne, Alice Fusaro, Adam Dan, Krzysztof Śmietanka, Vassilios Ragias, Andrew C. Breed, Taxiarchis Chassalevris, Gabriela Goujgoulova, Charlotte Kristiane Hjulsager, Eoin Ryan, Azucena Sánchez, Eric Niqueux, Niina Tammiranta, Siamak Zohari, David A. Stroud, Vladimir Savić, Nicola S. Lewis, and Ian H. Brown
Author affiliations: Royal Veterinary College, London, UK (P. Alarcon); Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK (P. Alarcon, A. Brouwer, D. Duncan, A.C. Breed, N.S. Lewis, I.H. Brown); University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (D. Venkatesh); Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (C.I. Dovas, T. Chassalevris); Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Thessaloniki (G. Georgiades, V. Ragias); Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy (I. Monne, A. Fusaro); Veterinary Diagnostic Institute, Budapest, Hungary (A. Dan); National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland (K. Śmietanka); Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (A.C. Breed); University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (A.C. Breed); NDRVMI, Sofia, Bulgaria (G. Goujgoulova); Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (C.K. Hjulsager); Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Celbridge, Ireland (E. Ryan); Central Veterinary Laboratory, Madrid, Spain (A. Sánchez); French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Ploufragan, France (E. Niqueux); Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Helsinki, Finland (N. Tammiranta); National Veterinary Institute and World Organisation for Animal Health Collaborating Center, Uppsala, Sweden (S. Zohari); Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, UK (D.A. Stroud); Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia (V. Savić)

Main Article

Table 2

Wild bird species of the orders Podicipediformes, Anseriformes, and Charadriiformes, reported by event in 3 highly pathogenic avian influenza epizootics in Europe

Species group Species No. (%) events
H5N1 2005–06 epizootic H5N8 2014–15 epizootic H5N8 2016–17 epizootic
Rails Eurasian coot (Fulica atra) 5 (1) 8 (0.5)
Crested coot (Fulica cristata) 1 (0.1)
Purple swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio) 4 (1)
Common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) 1 (0.2) 2 (0.1)
Total
 10 (2)
11 (1)
Swans Unspecified. 197 (38) 2 (22) 262 (16)
Mute swan (Cygnus olor) 92 (18) 344 (20)
Whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) 2 (0.4) 80 (5)
Total
 291 (56)
 2 (22)
 683 (41)
Ducks Unspecified 57 (11) 143 (9)
Northern pintail (Anas acuta) 2 (0.4)
Eurasian wigeon (Anas penelope) 1 (11) 21 (1)
Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) 4 (1) 1 (11) 43 (3)
Common pochard (Aythya farina) 4 (1) 8 (0.5)
Red-crested pochard (Netta rufina) 2 (0.1)
Common goldeneye (Bucephala clangula) 1 (0.1)
Greater scaup (Aythya marila) 2 (0.4)
Common merganser (Mergus merganser) 5 (1)
Tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) 18 (3) 82 (5)
Eurasian teal (Anas crecca) 1 (11) 3 (0.2)
Smew (Mergus albellus) 1 (0.2)
Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) 2 (0.1)
Common eider (Somateria mollissima) 2 (0.1)
Total
 93 (18)
 3 (33)
 307 (18)
Geese Unspecified 30 (6) 94 (6)
Canada goose (Branta canadensis) 5 (0.3
Barnacle goose (Branta leucopsis) 1 (0.2)
Greater white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) 9 (1)
Lesser white-fronted goose (Anser erythropus) 2 (0.4) 4 (0.2)
Greylag goose (Anser anser) 1 (0.2) 21 (1)
Red-breasted goose (Branta ruficollis) 1 (0.2)
Bean goose (Anser fabalis) 1 (0.1)
Pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus) 1 (0.1)
Total
 35 (7)
134 (8)
Gulls Unspecified 9 (2) 89 (5)
Great black-backed gull (Larus marinus) 11 (1)
Herring gull (Larus argentatus) 1 (0.2) 28 (2)
Black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus) 1 (0.2) 1 (11) 23 (1)
Lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus) 1 (0.1)
Common gull (Larus canus) 2 (0.1)
Total
 11 (2)
 1 (11)
 154 (9)
Waders Green sandpiper (Tringa ochropus) 1 (0.1)
Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquata) 1 (0.1)
Total 2 (0.1)

Main Article

1These authors are joint first authors.

Page created: November 19, 2018
Page updated: November 19, 2018
Page reviewed: November 19, 2018
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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