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Volume 24, Number 12—December 2018
Research

Comparison of 2016–17 and Previous Epizootics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 Guangdong Lineage in Europe

Pablo Alarcon1, Adam Brouwer1Comments to Author , Divya Venkatesh, Daisy Duncan, Chrysostomos I. Dovas, George Georgiades, Isabella Monne, Alice Fusaro, Adam Dan, Krzysztof Śmietanka, Vassilios Ragias, Andrew C. Breed, Taxiarchis Chassalevris, Gabriela Goujgoulova, Charlotte Kristiane Hjulsager, Eoin Ryan, Azucena Sánchez, Eric Niqueux, Niina Tammiranta, Siamak Zohari, David A. Stroud, Vladimir Savić, Nicola S. Lewis, and Ian H. Brown
Author affiliations: Royal Veterinary College, London, UK (P. Alarcon); Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK (P. Alarcon, A. Brouwer, D. Duncan, A.C. Breed, N.S. Lewis, I.H. Brown); University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (D. Venkatesh); Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (C.I. Dovas, T. Chassalevris); Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Thessaloniki (G. Georgiades, V. Ragias); Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy (I. Monne, A. Fusaro); Veterinary Diagnostic Institute, Budapest, Hungary (A. Dan); National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland (K. Śmietanka); Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (A.C. Breed); University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (A.C. Breed); NDRVMI, Sofia, Bulgaria (G. Goujgoulova); Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (C.K. Hjulsager); Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Celbridge, Ireland (E. Ryan); Central Veterinary Laboratory, Madrid, Spain (A. Sánchez); French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Ploufragan, France (E. Niqueux); Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Helsinki, Finland (N. Tammiranta); National Veterinary Institute and World Organisation for Animal Health Collaborating Center, Uppsala, Sweden (S. Zohari); Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, UK (D.A. Stroud); Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia (V. Savić)

Main Article

Table 3

Wild bird species of orders other than Podicipediformes, Anseriformes, and Charadriiformes reported by event in 3 highly pathogenic avian influenza epizootics in Europe

Species group Species No. (%) events
H5N1 2005–06 epizootic H5N8 2014–15 epizootic H5N8 2016–17 epizootic
Birds of prey Unspecified 30 (6)
Buzzard 1 (0.2) 6 (0.4)
Eagle 1 (0.1)
Falcon 1 (0.2) 3 (0.2)
Hawk 1 (0.2) 3 (0.2)
Owl. 2 (0.4) 4 (0.2)
Barn owl (Tyto alba) 1 (0.2)
Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) 1 (0.2) 8 (0.5)
White-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) 24 (1)
Common buzzard (Buteo buteo) 7 (1) 70 (4)
Rough-legged buzzard (Buteo lagopus) 1 (0.2)
Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) 2 (0.4) 1 (0.1)
Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) 1 (0.1)
Common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) 2 (0.1)
Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) 1 (0.1)
Total
 47 (9)
124 (7)
Crows Unspecified 1 (0.2)
Eurasian magpie (Pica pica) 1 (0.2) 4 (0.3)
Hooded crow (Corvus cornix) 3 (0.2)
Rook (Corvus frugilegus) 2 (0.1)
Carrion crow (Corvus corone) 1 (0.1)
Common raven (Corvus corax) 1 (0.1)
Total
 2 (0.4)
11 (1)
Grebes Great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) 7 (1) 12 (1)
Little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis) 1 (0.2) 4 (0.2)
Total
 8 (2)
16 (1)
Thrushes Blackbird (Turdus merula) 1 (0.1
Song thrush (Turdus philomelos) 2 (0.1)
Total
3 (0.2
Pigeons, doves Wood pigeon (Columba palumbus) 2 (0.1)
Collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) 1 (0.2) 1 (0.1)
Rock dove (Coumbia livia) 1 (11)
Total
 1 (0.2)
 1 (11)
 3 (0.2)
Herons Unspecified 2 (0.4) 16 (1)
Grey heron (Ardea cinerea) 4 (1) 48 (3)
Total
 6 (1)
64 (4)
Storks Unspecified 2 (0.4)
White stork (Ciconia ciconia) 3 (0.2)
Total
 2 (0.4)
3 (0.2)
Pelicans
 Unspecified. (Pelcanus spp.)
2 (0.1)
Terns
 Common tern (Sterna hirundo)
2 (0.1)
Cormorants
 Great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo)
 6 (1)
17 (1)
Other Unspecified 9 (2) 2 (22) 140 (8)

Main Article

1These authors are joint first authors.

Page created: November 19, 2018
Page updated: November 19, 2018
Page reviewed: November 19, 2018
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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