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Volume 24, Number 4—April 2018
Research

Avirulent Bacillus anthracis Strain with Molecular Assay Targets as Surrogate for Irradiation-Inactivated Virulent Spores

Roger D. Plaut, Andrea B. Staab, Mark A. Munson, Joan S. Gebhardt, Christopher P. Klimko, Avery V. Quirk, Christopher K. Cote, Tony L. Buhr, Rebecca D. Rossmaier, Robert C. Bernhards, Courtney E. Love, Kimberly L. Berk, Teresa G. Abshire, David A. Rozak, Linda C. Beck, Scott Stibitz, Bruce G. Goodwin, Michael A. Smith, and Shanmuga SozhamannanComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA (R.D. Plaut, S. Stibitz); Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, Virginia, USA (A.B. Staab, T.L. Buhr, L.C. Beck); Naval Medical Research Center, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA (M.A. Munson, J.S. Gebhardt); US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick (C.P. Klimko, A.V. Quirk, C.K. Cote, T.G. Abshire, D.A. Rozak); US Army Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, USA (R.D. Rossmaier, R.C. Bernhards, C.E. Love, K.L. Berk); Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Fort Belvoir, Virginia, USA (R.C. Bernhards); Joint Research and Development, Inc., Stafford, Virginia, USA (C.E. Love, L.C. Beck); Defense Biological Product Assurance Office, Frederick, Maryland, USA (B.G. Goodwin, M.A. Smith, S. Sozhamannan); The Tauri Group, Inc., Alexandria, Virginia, USA (S. Sozhamannan)

Main Article

Table 4

Real-time PCR signature analyses in various Bacillus anthracis strains

Strain
 Material type
 Insert
 Molecular assay result
Chr
 Sig 1
 Sig 2
 Sig 3
 Sig 4
 Sig 5
BA500 Vegetative cells† None + − + + − +
BAP482 Vegetative cells† None + − + + − +
BAP417 Vegetative cells† None + − − − − −
BAP708 Vegetative cells† Signatures 1–5 + + + + + +
Ames‡ Vegetative cells† Wild type + + + + + ND
B. thuringiensis Al Hakam Vegetative cells† None − − − − − ND
BAP708 Live spores-liquid extract Signatures 1–5 + + + + + ND
BAP708 Live spores-filter extract Signatures 1–5 + + + + + ND
BAP708 Inactivated spores-liquid extract Signatures 1–5 + + + + + ND
BAP708 Inactivated spores-filter extract Signatures 1–5 + + + + + ND
Ames‡ Inactivated spores-liquid extract Wild type + + + + + ND
Ames‡ Inactivated spores-filter extract Wild type + + + + + ND
B. thuringiensis Al Hakam Live spores-liquid extract None − − − − − ND
B. thuringiensis Al Hakam Live spores-filter extract None − − − − − ND

*Chr, chromosomal marker; ND, not done; Sig, signature; +, cycle threshold <35; –, cycle threshold >35.
†Genomic DNA extracted from vegetative cells was used as template for PCR (equivalent to 10 and 50 copies or 100 and 500 copies for B. thuringiensis Al Hakam).
‡Historical data.

Main Article

Page created: March 19, 2018
Page updated: March 19, 2018
Page reviewed: March 19, 2018
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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