Use of Genomics to Investigate Historical Importation of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli Serogroup O26 and Nontoxigenic Variants into New Zealand
A. Springer Browne
1 , Patrick J. Biggs, David A. Wilkinson, Adrian L. Cookson, Anne C. Midwinter, Samuel J. Bloomfield, C. Reed Hranac, Lynn E. Rogers, Jonathan C. Marshall, Jackie Benschop, Helen Withers, Steve Hathaway, Tessy George, Patricia Jaros, Hamid Irshad, Yang Fong, Muriel Dufour, Naveena Karki, Taylor Winkleman, and Nigel P. French
Author affiliations: Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (A.S. Browne, P.J. Biggs, D.A. Wilkinson, A.L. Cookson, A.C. Midwinter, S.J. Bloomfield, C.R. Hranac, L.E. Rogers, J.C. Marshall, J. Benschop, T. George, P. Jaros, H. Irshad, Y. Fong, T. Winkleman, N.P. French); New Zealand Food Safety Science & Research Centre, Palmerston North (D.A. Wilkinson, N.P. French); AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North (A.L. Cookson); Ministry of Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand (H. Withers, S. Hathaway); Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Upper Hutt, New Zealand (M. Dufour, N. Karki)
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Figure 3
Figure 3. Neighbor-joining tree of 192 virulence genes of 404 Escherichia coli serogroup O26 isolates in investigation of historical importation of Shiga toxin–producing E. coli serogroup O26 and nontoxigenic variants into New Zealand. Branch lengths are ignored to better illustrate the country of origin of each isolate; therefore, closely spaced trellis-like branches have identical virulence profiles. ST, sequence type.
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