Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 25, Number 4—April 2019
Research

Human-Origin Influenza A(H3N2) Reassortant Viruses in Swine, Southeast Mexico

Martha I. NelsonComments to Author , Carine K. Souza, Nídia S. Trovão, Andres Diaz, Ignacio Mena, Albert Rovira, Amy L. Vincent, Montserrat Torremorell, Douglas Marthaler1, and Marie R. Culhane
Author affiliations: National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA (M.I. Nelson, N.S. Trovão); National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, USA (C.K. Souza, A.L. Vincent); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA (N.S. Trovão, I. Mena); University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA (A. Diaz, A. Rovira, M. Torremorell, D. Marthaler, M.R. Culhane)

Main Article

Figure 6

Antigenic relationships between contemporary influenza A (H3N2) viruses from Mexico and representative strains from the United States. A) Antigenic map of contemporary swine H3N2 viruses from Mexico and the United States. Antigenic clusters are indicated by color as in Figures 4 and 5. CN, central; E, east; NW, northwest; SE, southeast; W, west. B) Antigenic distance between H3N2 virus from Mexico and representative swine strains from the United States and a putative ancestral human seasonal vac

Figure 6. Antigenic relationships between contemporary influenza A (H3N2) viruses from Mexico and representative strains from the United States. A) Antigenic map of contemporary swine H3N2 viruses from Mexico and the United States. Antigenic clusters are indicated by color as in Figures 4 and 5. CN, central; E, east; NW, northwest; SE, southeast; W, west. B) Antigenic distance between H3N2 virus from Mexico and representative swine strains from the United States and a putative ancestral human seasonal vaccine virus strain (WU/95). The US swine strains represent antigenic clusters previously defined as TX/98 (cornflower), OH/04 and MN/09 (cyan), NY/11 (red), and IA/14 (green) (27,31).

Main Article

References
  1. Mena  I, Nelson  MI, Quezada-Monroy  F, Dutta  J, Cortes-Fernández  R, Lara-Puente  JH, et al. Origins of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic in swine in Mexico. eLife. 2016;5:e16777. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Koen  J. A practical method for field diagnosis of swine diseases. Am J Vet Med. 1919;14:468–70.
  3. Anderson  TK, Macken  CA, Lewis  NS, Scheuermann  RH, Van Reeth  K, Brown  IH, et al. A phylogeny-based global nomenclature system and automated annotation tool for H1 hemagglutinin genes from swine influenza viruses. mSphere. 2016;1:pii: e00275–16.
  4. Vijaykrishna  D, Smith  GJD, Pybus  OG, Zhu  H, Bhatt  S, Poon  LLM, et al. Long-term evolution and transmission dynamics of swine influenza A virus. Nature. 2011;473:519–22. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Watson  SJ, Langat  P, Reid  SM, Lam  TT, Cotten  M, Kelly  M, et al.; ESNIP3 Consortium. ESNIP3 Consortium. Molecular epidemiology and evolution of influenza viruses circulating within European swine between 2009 and 2013. J Virol. 2015;89:9920–31. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Lam  TT, Zhu  H, Wang  J, Smith  DK, Holmes  EC, Webster  RG, et al. Reassortment events among swine influenza A viruses in China: implications for the origin of the 2009 influenza pandemic. J Virol. 2011;85:10279–85. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Nelson  MI, Viboud  C, Vincent  AL, Culhane  MR, Detmer  SE, Wentworth  DE, et al. Global migration of influenza A viruses in swine. Nat Commun. 2015;6:6696. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Takemae  N, Parchariyanon  S, Damrongwatanapokin  S, Uchida  Y, Ruttanapumma  R, Watanabe  C, et al. Genetic diversity of swine influenza viruses isolated from pigs during 2000 to 2005 in Thailand. Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 2008;2:181–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Nelson  MI, Lemey  P, Tan  Y, Vincent  A, Lam  TT, Detmer  S, et al. Spatial dynamics of human-origin H1 influenza A virus in North American swine. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7:e1002077. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Vargas Terán  M, Calcagno Ferrat  N, Lubroth  J. Situation of classical swine fever and the epidemiologic and ecologic aspects affecting its distribution in the American continent. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004;1026:54–64. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Slomka  MJ, Densham  ALE, Coward  VJ, Essen  S, Brookes  SM, Irvine  RM, et al. Real time reverse transcription (RRT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for detection of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus and European swine influenza A virus infections in pigs. Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 2010;4:277–93. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Zhang  J, Gauger  PC. Isolation of swine influenza virus in cell cultures and embryonated chicken eggs. Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1161:265–76. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Zhang  J, Harmon  KM. RNA extraction from swine samples and detection of influenza A virus in swine by real-time RT-PCR. Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1161:277–93. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Nelson  M, Culhane  MR, Rovira  A, Torremorell  M, Guerrero  P, Norambuena  J. Novel human-like influenza A viruses circulate in swine in Mexico and Chile. PLoS Curr. 2015;7:7.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Hoffmann  E, Stech  J, Guan  Y, Webster  RG, Perez  DR. Universal primer set for the full-length amplification of all influenza A viruses. Arch Virol. 2001;146:2275–89. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Edgar  RC. MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Res. 2004;32:1792–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. Bao  Y, Bolotov  P, Dernovoy  D, Kiryutin  B, Zaslavsky  L, Tatusova  T, et al. The influenza virus resource at the National Center for Biotechnology Information. J Virol. 2008;82:596–601. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. Stamatakis  A. RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics. 2006;22:2688–90. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. Drummond  AJ, Suchard  MA, Xie  D, Rambaut  A. Bayesian phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7. Mol Biol Evol. 2012;29:1969–73. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. Suchard  MA, Rambaut  A. Many-core algorithms for statistical phylogenetics. Bioinformatics. 2009;25:1370–6. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. Minin  VN, Suchard  MA. Counting labeled transitions in continuous-time Markov models of evolution. J Math Biol. 2008;56:391–412. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. Lemey  P, Rambaut  A, Bedford  T, Faria  N, Bielejec  F, Baele  G, et al. Unifying viral genetics and human transportation data to predict the global transmission dynamics of human influenza H3N2. PLoS Pathog. 2014;10:e1003932. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  23. R Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2012 [cited 2018 Dec 19]. http://www.r-project.org/.
  24. Lewis  NS, Anderson  TK, Kitikoon  P, Skepner  E, Burke  DF, Vincent  AL. Substitutions near the hemagglutinin receptor-binding site determine the antigenic evolution of influenza A H3N2 viruses in U.S. swine. J Virol. 2014;88:4752–63. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  25. Kitikoon  P, Gauger  PC, Vincent  AL. Hemagglutinin inhibition assay with swine sera. Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1161:295–301. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  26. Nelson  MI, Wentworth  DE, Culhane  MR, Vincent  AL, Viboud  C, LaPointe  MP, et al. Introductions and evolution of human-origin seasonal influenza a viruses in multinational swine populations. J Virol. 2014;88:10110–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  27. Abente  EJ, Santos  J, Lewis  NS, Gauger  PC, Stratton  J, Skepner  E, et al. The molecular determinants of antibody recognition and antigenic drift in the H3 hemagglutinin of swine influenza A virus. J Virol. 2016;90:8266–80. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  28. Beaudoin  A, Johnson  S, Davies  P, Bender  J, Gramer  M. Characterization of influenza a outbreaks in Minnesota swine herds and measures taken to reduce the risk of zoonotic transmission. Zoonoses Public Health. 2012;59:96–106. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  29. Sandbulte  MR, Spickler  AR, Zaabel  PK, Roth  JA. Optimal use of vaccines for control of influenza A virus in swine. Vaccines (Basel). 2015;3:22–73. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  30. Vincent  AL, Perez  DR, Rajao  D, Anderson  TK, Abente  EJ, Walia  RR, et al. Influenza A virus vaccines for swine. Vet Microbiol. 2017;206:35–44. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  31. Lewis  NS, Anderson  TK, Kitikoon  P, Skepner  E, Burke  DF, Vincent  AL. Substitutions near the hemagglutinin receptor-binding site determine the antigenic evolution of influenza A H3N2 viruses in U.S. swine. J Virol. 2014;88:4752–63. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  32. Vincent  A, Awada  L, Brown  I, Chen  H, Claes  F, Dauphin  G, et al. Review of influenza A virus in swine worldwide: a call for increased surveillance and research. Zoonoses Public Health. 2014;61:4–17. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  33. Viboud  C, Bjørnstad  ON, Smith  DL, Simonsen  L, Miller  MA, Grenfell  BT. Synchrony, waves, and spatial hierarchies in the spread of influenza. Science. 2006;312:447–51. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  34. Lam  TT-Y, Ip  HS, Ghedin  E, Wentworth  DE, Halpin  RA, Stockwell  TB, et al. Migratory flyway and geographical distance are barriers to the gene flow of influenza virus among North American birds. Ecol Lett. 2012;15:24–33. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  35. Petry  M, Paarlberg  PL, Lee  JG. PRRS and the North American swine trade: a trade barrier analysis. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. 1999;33:425–36. DOIGoogle Scholar
  36. Escalera-Zamudio  M, Cobián-Güemes  G, de los Dolores Soto-del Río  M, Isa  P, Sánchez-Betancourt  I, Parissi-Crivelli  A, et al. Characterization of an influenza A virus in Mexican swine that is related to the A/H1N1/2009 pandemic clade. Virology. 2012;433:176–82. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

1Current affiliation: Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.

Page created: March 17, 2019
Page updated: March 17, 2019
Page reviewed: March 17, 2019
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external