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Volume 26, Number 1—January 2020
Dispatch

Effect of Pediatric Influenza Vaccination on Antibiotic Resistance, England and Wales

Chungman Chae1, Nicholas G. Davies1Comments to Author , Mark Jit, and Katherine E. Atkins
Author affiliations: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C. Chae, N.G. Davies, M. Jit, K.E. Atkins); Public Health England, London (M. Jit); University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK (K.E. Atkins)

Main Article

Table 1

Projected effect of pediatric LAIV on antibiotic prescription rates, England and Wales*

Age
group Influenza-attributed consultation rate† Prescriptions per consultation Direct prescribing rate reduction, unmatched‡ Direct prescribing rate reduction, matched‡ Overall
LAIV
effectiveness§ Overall prescribing
rate reduction¶
0–6 mo 29.7 (23.7–35.9) 0.597 (0.474–0.719) 0.574 (0.501–0.651) 10.2 (7.03–13.5)
6 m–4 y 29.7 (23.7–35.9) 0.597 (0.474–0.719) 7.46 (5.31–9.64) 12.4 (8.85–16.1) 0.663 (0.618–0.714) 11.8 (8.31–15.4)
5–14 y 22.1 (17.6–26.7) 0.588 (0.466–0.708) 5.46 (3.89–7.06) 9.11 (6.48–11.8) 0.754 (0.709–0.794) 9.81 (6.97–12.8)
15–44 y 12.8 (10.2–15.4) 0.676 (0.536–0.814) 3.64 (2.59–4.70) 6.06 (4.31–7.83) 0.446 (0.394–0.502) 3.86 (2.66–5.09)
45–64 y 12.4 (9.84–14.9) 0.805 (0.639–0.970) 0.423 (0.374–0.484) 4.22 (2.90–5.58)
>65 y
12.2 (9.67–14.7)
0.857 (0.680–1.03)


0.477 (0.397–0.561)
4.97 (3.34–6.68)
Overall 14.7 (11.7–17.7) 0.726 (0.576–0.875) 5.80 (4.13–7.49) 9.86 (7.01–12.9) 0.494 (0.446–0.549) 5.32 (3.74–7.00)

*All estimates reported as mean (95% highest density interval). LAIV, live attenuated influenza vaccine; –, age group not subject to pediatric LAIV.
†Per 1,000 person-years in England and Wales.
‡Reduction in antibiotic prescriptions among vaccinees per 1,000 vaccine recipients, not accounting for herd immunity, presented separately for unmatched and matched seasons.
§Reduction in influenza cases assuming a 50% uptake among children 2–16 years of age, accounting for herd immunity.
¶Per 1,000 person-years in England and Wales, accounting for herd immunity.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: December 18, 2019
Page updated: December 18, 2019
Page reviewed: December 18, 2019
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