Volume 26, Number 12—December 2020
Dispatch
Antibody Profiles According to Mild or Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2020
William T. Hu
, J. Christina Howell, Tugba Ozturk, Karima Benameur, Leda C. Bassit, Richard Ramonell, Kevin S. Cashman, Shama Pirmohammed, John D. Roback, Vincent C. Marconi, Irene Yang, Valerie V. Mac, Daniel Smith, Ignacio Sanz, Whitney Wharton, F. Eun-Hyung Lee, and Raymond F. Schinazi
, J. Christina Howell, Tugba Ozturk, Karima Benameur, Leda C. Bassit, Richard Ramonell, Kevin S. Cashman, Shama Pirmohammed, John D. Roback, Vincent C. Marconi, Irene Yang, Valerie V. Mac, Daniel Smith, Ignacio Sanz, Whitney Wharton, F. Eun-Hyung Lee, and Raymond F. Schinazi
Table 1
Demographic and other information for persons with known coronavirus disease, pre-2020 controls, and persons with influenza-like illness but negative for SARS-CoV-2, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2020*
| Characteristic | Hospitalized, n = 28 | Mild disease, n = 15 | Pre-2020 control, n = 103 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, % | 0.273 | |||
| F | 14 (50) | 7 (47) | 65 (63) | |
| M |
14 (50) |
8 (53) |
38 (37) |
|
| Median age, y (range) |
61.5 (29–85)† |
32 (26–81)† |
62.5 (24–87) |
<0.0001 |
| Race, no. (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Asian | 3 (11) | 0 | 2 (2) | |
| African American | 18 (64)† | 1 (7)† | 15 (14) | |
| Non-Hispanic Caucasian | 6 (21) | 12 (80) | 82 (80) | |
| Hispanic | 1 (4) | 1 (7) | 0 | |
| Other |
0 |
1 (7) |
4 (4) |
|
| Clinical features | ||||
| Inpatient/outpatient | 28/0 | 1/14 | NA | <0.0001 |
| Respiratory failure requiring intubation, % | 20 (71)† | 0† | NA | <0.0001 |
| Median days since symptom onset (range) |
15.5 (4–42) |
15 (9–33) |
NA |
0.427 |
| Clinical signs/symptoms | ||||
| Cough | 22 (79) | 10 (67) | NA | 0.473 |
| Fever/chills | 22 (79) | 9 (64) | NA | 0.287 |
| Shortness of breath | 20 (71) | 5 (33) | NA | 0.024 |
| Myalgia | 7 (25) | 9 (60) | NA | 0.045 |
| Headaches | 7 (25) | 7 (47) | NA | 0.184 |
| Sore throat | 5 (18) | 6 (40) | NA | 0.150 |
| Nasal congestion/rhinorrhea | 2 (7) | 8 (53) | NA | 0.001 |
| Diarrhea | 5 (18) | 3 (20) | NA | 1.000 |
| Anosmia | 1 (4) | 7 (47) | NA | 0.001 |
| Fatigue | 3 (11) | 3 (20) | NA | 0.647 |
| Vomiting | 0 | 1 (7) | NA | 0.349 |
| Never symptomatic |
0 |
0 |
NA |
0.012 |
| Laboratory features | ||||
| SARS-CoV-2 detected by rRT-PCR | 28/28 | 10/10 | NA | <0.0001 |
| Mean anti-S1-RBD IgG (± SD), OD | 1.72 (0.72)† | 0.71 (0.60)† | 0.26 (0.36) | <0.0001 |
| Mean anti-S1 IgM (± SD), OD | 1.76 (0.74) | 2.12 (0.53) | 1.21 (0.48) | <0.0001 |
| Mean anti-E IgM (± SD), OD | 1.85 (0.90) | 2.16 (0.72) | 1.48 (0.71) | 0.001 |
*E, envelope protein; NA, not applicable; OD, optical density, RBD, receptor-binding domain; rRT-PCR, real-time reverse transcription PCR; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; S1, spike protein subunit S1. †Different between patients who were hospitalized and who had mild disease at p<0.005.
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Page updated: November 19, 2020
Page reviewed: November 19, 2020
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