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Volume 26, Number 6—June 2020
Research

Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi B Variant Java in Poultry from Europe and Latin America

L. Ricardo Castellanos1, Linda van der Graaf-van Bloois, Pilar Donado-Godoy, Kees Veldman, Francisco Duarte, María T. Acuña, Claudia Jarquín, François-Xavier Weill, Dik J. Mevius, Jaap A. Wagenaar, Joost Hordijk2, and Aldert L. Zomer2Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (L.R. Castellanos, L. van der Graaf-van Bloois, D.J. Mevius, J.A. Wagenaar, J. Hordijk, A.L. Zomer); Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria–AGROSAVIA, Cundinamarca, Colombia (P. Donado-Godoy); Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (K. Veldman, D.J. Mevius, J.A. Wagenaar); Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud, Tres Ríos, Costa Rica (F. Duarte, M.T. Acuña); Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala (C. Jarquín); Institut Pasteur, Paris, France (F.-X. Weill)

Main Article

Figure 1

Phylogenetic time tree showing the separation between the historical, EU, and LA clades. Gray brackets indicate historical clades; blue brackets, EU clades; orange brackets, LA clades. Tips in the tree are aligned to the year of isolation of the strains. Nodes are dated in the x-axis as estimated by BEAST (43). Arrow indicates the node and year of separation between EU and LA clades around 1987. *Sample from a turkey imported from Israel. †Undefined sample material. ‡Plasmids are indicated when

Figure 1. Phylogenetic time tree showing the separation between the historical, EU, and LA clades. Gray brackets indicate historical clades; blue brackets, EU clades; orange brackets, LA clades. Tips in the tree are aligned to the year of isolation of the strains. Nodes are dated in the x-axis as estimated by BEAST (43). Arrow indicates the node and year of separation between EU and LA clades around 1987. *Sample from a turkey imported from Israel. †Undefined sample material. ‡Plasmids are indicated when resistance genes and plasmid replicons were found in the same contig. §IncI1/ST12 plasmids encoded CMY-2 only. EU, European; LA, Latin American. Scale bar indicates number of years.

Main Article

1Current affiliate: Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK.

2These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: May 18, 2020
Page updated: May 18, 2020
Page reviewed: May 18, 2020
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