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Volume 28, Number 3—March 2022
Research

Case–Control Study of Clostridium innocuum Infection, Taiwan

Yi-Ching Chen1, Yi-Chun Kuo1, Mi-Chi Chen, Young-Da Zhang, Chyi-Liang Chen, Puo-Hsien Le, and Cheng-Hsun ChiuComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan (Y.-C. Chen, Y.-C. Kuo, C.-H. Chiu); Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan (Y.-C. Chen, M.-C. Chen, Y.-D. Zhang, C.-L. Chen, P.-H. Le, C.-H. Chiu)

Main Article

Table 2

Antibiotic exposure before Clostridium infection in case–control study of C. innocuum infection *

Antibiotic exposure C. innocuum, n = 152 Clostridioides difficile, n = 304 Odds ratio (95% CI) p value
Any antibiotic exposure
 121 (79.6)
 289 (95.1)
 0.20 (0.11–0.39)
 <0.001
Mean duration of antibiotic exposure, d (SD)†
 13.7 (8.6)
 15.6 (8.3)
 NA
 0.039
Antibiotic exposure rate by drug class
Penicillins 36 (23.7) 107 (35.2) 0.57 (0.37–0.89) 0.013
Cephalosporins 81 (53.3) 206 (67.8) 0.54 (0.36–0.81) 0.003
Carbapenems 36 (23.7) 102 (33.6) 0.62 (0.40–0.96) 0.031
Fluoroquinolones 31 (20.4) 108 (35.5) 0.47 (0.29–0.74) 0.001
Aminoglycosides 13 (8.6) 20 (6.6) 1.33 (0.64–2.75) 0.444
Macrolides 3 (2.0) 8 (2.6) 0.75 (0.20–2.85) 0.667
Tetracyclines 6 (3.9) 5 (1.6) 2.46 (0.74–8.19) 0.143
Glycopeptides 52 (34.2) 92 (30.3) 1.20 (0.79–1.81) 0.393
Oxazolids 0 (0) 2 (0.7) NA NA
Polymyxins 6 (3.9) 11 (3.6) 1.10 (0.40–3.02) 0.861
Lincosamides 6 (13.9) 21 (6.9) 0.55 (0.22–1.40) 0.213
Metronidazole 16 (10.5) 33 (10.9) 0.97 (0.51–1.81) 0.915

*Data are presented as no (%) unless otherwise indicated. NA, not applicable for continuous variables or too few events (<5) to calculate a stable odds ratio. †By independent student t test. The p value of odds ratio was analyzed by univariate logistic regression.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: January 23, 2022
Page updated: February 21, 2022
Page reviewed: February 21, 2022
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