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Volume 28, Number 4—April 2022
CME ACTIVITY - Research

Unique Clinical, Immune, and Genetic Signature in Patients with Borrelial Meningoradiculoneuritis1

Katarina Ogrinc2, Sergio A. Hernández2, Miša Korva, Petra Bogovič, Tereza Rojko, Lara Lusa, Geena Chiumento, Franc Strle3, and Klemen Strle3Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (K. Ogrinc, P. Bogovič, T. Rojko, F. Strle); New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA (S.A. Hernández, K. Strle); University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana (M. Korva, L. Lusa); Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (G. Chiumento)

Main Article

Figure 2

Heat map analysis of inflammatory mediators in CSF stratified by clinical presentation of LNB among patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis treated in Ljubljana, Slovenia, during 2006–2013. A) Levels of inflammatory mediators stratified by LNB manifestation. B) Hierarchical clustering analysis (Euclidian distance) of inflammatory mediators and CSF leukocyte counts. We assessed the levels of 17 cytokines and chemokines associated with innate and adaptive (T- and B-cell) responses in CSF of patients with meningoradiculoneuritis, PFP/meningitis, or suspected LNB. Each column represents an individual patient, with the corresponding mediators along the different rows. Heat map was constructed using Morpheus software (https://software.broadinstitute.org/morpheus). In the case of IFN-α, 3 values were exceptionally low (at lower limit of detection), resulting in disproportionately intense red coloring of other values. CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CXCL, CXC motif chemokine ligand; GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony–stimulating factor; IL, interleukin; IFN, interferon; LNB, Lyme neuroborreliosis; MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; PFP, peripheral facial palsy; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

Figure 2. Heat map analysis of inflammatory mediators in CSF stratified by clinical presentation of LNB among patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis treated in Ljubljana, Slovenia, during 2006–2013. A) Levels of inflammatory mediators stratified by LNB manifestation. B) Hierarchical clustering analysis (Euclidian distance) of inflammatory mediators and CSF leukocyte counts. We assessed the levels of 17 cytokines and chemokines associated with innate and adaptive (T- and B-cell) responses in CSF of patients with meningoradiculoneuritis, PFP/meningitis, or suspected LNB. Each column represents an individual patient, with the corresponding mediators along the different rows. Heat map was constructed using Morpheus software (https://software.broadinstitute.org/morpheus). In the case of IFN-α, 3 values were exceptionally low (at lower limit of detection), resulting in disproportionately intense red coloring of other values. CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CXCL, CXC motif chemokine ligand; GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony–stimulating factor; IL, interleukin; IFN, interferon; LNB, Lyme neuroborreliosis; MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; PFP, peripheral facial palsy; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

Main Article

1Part of the research reported here was presented at the 31st European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (online), July 9–12, 2021.

2These first authors contributed equally to this article.

3These senior authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: February 22, 2022
Page updated: March 22, 2022
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