Volume 28, Number 7—July 2022
Dispatch
Use of Human Intestinal Enteroids to Evaluate Persistence of Infectious Human Norovirus in Seawater
Table 1
Characteristics of seawater samples used for 3 experiments using human intestinal enteroids to evaluate persistence of infectious human norovirus
Experiment | 1 | 2 | 3 |
---|---|---|---|
Collection date* |
2018 Sep 5 |
2018 Oct 16 |
2019 Apr 30 |
Physio-chemistry | |||
Salinity, % | 36.5 (35†) | 35 | 33.3 |
Turbidity, NTU | 0.67 | 7.50 | 1.14 |
pH | 7.8 | 7.9 | 7.9 |
Total suspended solids, mg/L | 4.0 | 3.0 | 1.0 |
Dissolved organic carbon, mg/L | 2.3 | 1.6 | 2.1 |
Phosphate, mg/L | 0.079 | 0.082 | 0.192 |
Nitrate, mg/L |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.8 |
Microbiology | |||
Total nonmarine bacteria/100 mL | 100 | >300 | 37 |
Total marine bacteria/100 mL | >300 | >300 | >300 |
Escherichia coli/100 mL | 0 | 0 | 0 |
*Coastal seawater samples were collected and sand-filtered at the same experimental shellfish farm at different dates, kept at 4°C, and used within 1 week of collection. NTU, Nephelometric Turbidity Units. †Salinity of seawater was adjusted to 35% using distilled water for experiment 1.
1These first authors contributed equally to this article.
2Current affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas–Facultade de Bioloxía & CRETUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
3Current affiliation: SECALIM UMR 104 Oniris/Inrae, Nantes, France.