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Volume 29, Number 10—October 2023
Research

Effects of COVID-19 on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes and Access to Antenatal and Postnatal Care, Malawi

Leonard MndalaComments to Author , Chikondi Chapuma, Jennifer Riches, Luis Gadama, Fannie Kachale, Rosemary Bilesi, Malangizo Mbewe, Andrew Likaka, Moses Kumwenda, Regina Makuluni, Bertha Maseko, Chifundo Ndamala, Annie Kuyere, Laura Munthali, Deborah Phiri, Edward J.M. Monk, Marc Y.R. Henrion, Maria L. Odland1, and David Lissauer1
Author affiliations: Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi (L. Mndala, C. Chapuma, J. Riches, M. Kumwenda, R. Makuluni, B. Maseko, C. Ndamala, A. Kuyere, L. Munthali, D. Phiri, E.J.M. Monk, M.Y.R. Henrion, M.L. Odland, D. Lissauer); University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (L. Mndala, C. Chapuma, J. Riches, M.L. Odland, D. Lissauer); Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre (L. Gadama, M. Kumwenda); Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi (F. Kachale, R. Bilesi, M. Mbewe, A. Likaka); Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil (A. Likaka); Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool (M.Y.R. Henrion); St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway (M.L. Odland)

Main Article

Table 3

Summary of regression analysis for stillbirths in study of effects of COVID-19 on maternal and neonatal outcomes and access to antenatal and postnatal care, Malawi*

Variable Estimate (95% CI)† p value
Baseline, intercept 22.47 (22.14–27.04)
COVID-19 wave 2 1.04 (0.91–1.18) 0.6225
COVID-19 wave 3 1.30 (1.14–1.47) 0.0001
Time, wk 1.00 (0.99–1.01) 0.7905
Post COVID-19 wave 2 0.99 (0.98–1.00) 0.1304
Post COVID-19 wave 3 1.00 (0.99–1.01) 0.5393

*Pseudo R2 = 0.04. Bold text indicates statistical significance. †The estimates are exponentiated model coefficients, i.e., the intercept estimate is the baseline incidence rate per 1,000 live births and all other estimates are rate ratios associated with the different variables.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: August 18, 2023
Page updated: September 20, 2023
Page reviewed: September 20, 2023
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