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Volume 29, Number 7—July 2023
Dispatch

Surveillance and Genomic Characterization of Influenza A and D Viruses in Swine, Belgium and the Netherlands, 2019–2021

Anna Parys, Nick Vereecke, Elien Vandoorn, Sebastiaan Theuns, and Kristien Van ReethComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium (A. Parys, E. Vandoorn, K. Van Reeth); Ghent University and PathoSense BV, Lier, Belgium (N. Vereecke, S. Theuns)

Main Article

Figure 1

Phylogenetic tree based on the hemagglutinin nucleotide sequences of 23 swine influenza A isolates from pigs in Belgium and the Netherlands, November 2019–December 2021, and 28 swine and human influenza A reference viruses. We generated maximum-likelihood trees using IQ-TREE (http://www.iqtree.org) with the general time reversible plus invariable site plus FreeRate model and 1,000 ultrafast bootstraps. Sequences retrieved from GenBank or GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org) are identified by virus names and accession numbers. Bold text indicates study isolates. The clades of hemagglutinin are indicated; 8x means that 1 of the 8 total segments of the viral genome is shown. Scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site per year. M, matrix protein; NEP, nuclear-encoded plastid RNA polymerase; NP, nucleoprotein; NS, nonstructural protein; PA, polymerase acidic; PB, polymerase basic.

Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree based on the hemagglutinin nucleotide sequences of 23 swine influenza A isolates from pigs in Belgium and the Netherlands, November 2019–December 2021, and 28 swine and human influenza A reference viruses. We generated maximum-likelihood trees using IQ-TREE (http://www.iqtree.org) with the general time reversible plus invariable site plus FreeRate model and 1,000 ultrafast bootstraps. Sequences retrieved from GenBank or GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org) are identified by virus names and accession numbers. Bold text indicates study isolates. The clades of hemagglutinin are indicated; 8x means that 1 of the 8 total segments of the viral genome is shown. Scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site per year. M, matrix protein; NEP, nuclear-encoded plastid RNA polymerase; NP, nucleoprotein; NS, nonstructural protein; PA, polymerase acidic; PB, polymerase basic.

Main Article

Page created: June 12, 2023
Page updated: June 20, 2023
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