Volume 3, Number 4—December 1997
THEME ISSUE
Foodborne
Controlling Emerging Foodborne Microbial Hazards
Epidemiology and Detection as Options for Control of Viral and Parasitic Foodborne Disease
Table 2
Emerging detection methods for human enteric viruses in foods
Field | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Pathogen | Sample | Detection limit | app. | Ref. |
Nucleic Acid | Extraction/RT-PCR | |||
HAV | Clams | 2000 particles/g
(10 PFU/g) | No | 44 |
Poliovirus | Oysters | 38 PFU/20 g
(2 PFU/g) | No | 42 |
HAV | Clams/Oysters | 100 PFU/1.5 g
(67 PFU/g) | No | 43 |
Norwalk | Clams/Oysters | 5-10 PCRU/1.5 g
(3-7 PCRU/g) | No | 43 |
Poliovirus | Oysters/Mussels | 10 PFU/5 g
(2 PFU/g) | No | 45 |
SRSV | Oysters/Mussels | Not specified | Yes | 46 |
Polivirus,
HAV | Clams | 100 PFU/50 g
(2 PFU/g) | No | 50 |
Norwalk | Clams | 1000 PCRU/50 g
(20 PCRU/g) | No | 50 |
Norwalk | Various | 20-200 PCRU/10 g
(2-20 PCRU/g) | No | 47 |
Antibody-Capture/RT-PCR | ||||
HAV | Clams/Oysters | Not specified | No | 48 |
HAV | Oysters | Not specified | Yes | 19 |
Virion Concentration | ||||
Poliovirus,
HAV | Oysters | 10 PFU/50 g
(0.02 PFU/g) | Yes | 49, |
Norwalk | Oysters | 4500 PCRU/50 g
(90 PCRU/g) | No | 49,51 |
Poliovirus,
HAV | Clams | 1000 PFU/50 g
(20 PFU/g) | No | 50 |
Norwalk | Clams | 100 PCRU/50 g
(2 PCRU/g) | No | 50 |
HAV = hepatitis A virus; RT-PCR = reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; PCRU = PCR-amplifiable units; SRSV = small round-structured gastrointestinal virus.
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