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Volume 30, Number 12—December 2024
Research

Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccination for Children <15 Years of Age, Bangladesh

An Nguyen1, Rebeca Sultana1Comments to Author , Elisabeth Vodicka, Zareen Tasnim, Kamran Mehedi, Md. Monjurul Islam, S.M. Abdullah Al Murad, Md. Redowan Ullah, Sharmin Sultana, Tahmina Shirin, and Clint Pecenka
Author affiliation: Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (A. Nguyen); icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh (R. Sultana, Z. Tasnim, M.R. Ullah); PATH, Seattle, Washington, USA (E. Vodicka, C. Pecenka); PATH, Dhaka (K. Mehedi); Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health, Dhaka (M.M. Islam, S.M.A. Al Murad); Institute of Epidemiology Diseases Control and Research, Dhaka (S. Sultana, T. Shirin)

Main Article

Table 1

Summary of model parameters for Japanese encephalitis vaccination and epidemiology in Bangladesh, 2023*

Parameter Base case estimate Range Source
Average age of vaccinated child in campaign, y
 5
4–6
In-country expert opinion
Acute/symptomatic JE incidence, per 100,000 population 2.5 1.75–5.89 (1,36)
Asymptomatic-to-acute JE, ratio 300:1 25–1000:1 (39)
Case fatality/acute JE, % 20 10–30 (Institute of Epidemiology, unpub. data, email, 2023 Oct 03)
Duration of acute JE event
 2.8 wks
 2.2–3.3 wks
 (46)
Sequelae incidence, %
 58
 46–70
 (Institute of Epidemiology, unpub. data, email, 2023 Oct 03)
Sequelae severity, %
Mild 16 13–19 (18)
Moderate 37 29–44 (18)
Severe
 47
 38–57
 (18)
Probability of treatment by sequelae severity, %
Mild 84 67–100 (18)
Moderate 89 72–100 (18)
Severe
 96
 77–100
 (18)
Vaccine efficacy, % 86.3 69–98 (9,12)
Vaccine coverage, %
 88.6
 70.9–100
 (32)
Discount rate for costs and health outcomes
 3
 NA
 Assumption
Disability weight for acute JE, per event
 0.133
 0.088–0.190
 Infectious disease acute episode–severe (38)
Disability weights for long-term sequelae, annual
Mild 0.031 0.018–0.050 Motor/cognitive impairments–mild (38)
Moderate 0.203 0.134–0.290 Motor/cognitive impairments–moderate (38)
Severe
 0.542
 0.374–0.702
 Motor/cognitive impairments–severe (38)
*JE, Japanese encephalitis; NA, not applicable.

Main Article

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Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

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