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Volume 30, Number 8—August 2024
Research

Fatal SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Children, Japan, January–September 20221

Shingo Mitsushima2, Yuichiro Yahata2, Yuuki TsuchihashiComments to Author , Chiaki Ikenoue, Munehisa Fukusumi, Shogo Otake, Tomoe Shimada, Takuya Yamagishi, Hajime Kamiya, Yusuke Kobayashi, Hitomi Kurosu, Mai Okuyama, Saeko Morino, Miho Shibamura, Sayaka Takanashi, Taro Kamigaki, Kanako Otani, Manami Nakashita, Hanae Ito, Ayako Miyazaki, Masaya Koshiko, Masanao Harakuni, Megumi Onuma, Hiroko Chiba, Maki Masutani, Natsu Sudani, Yuka Satsuki, Taketoshi Takara, Akira Oka, Tomohiro Katsuta, Naoki Shimizu, Akihiko Saitoh, Tetsuya Sakamoto, Motoi Suzuki, Tomimasa Sunagawa, and COVID-19 Fatal Pediatric Cases Database Group3
Author affiliations: National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (S. Mitsushima, Y. Yahata, Y. Tsuchihashi, C. Ikenoue, M. Fukusumi, S. Otake, T. Shimada, T. Yamagishi, H. Kamiya, Y. Kobayashi, H. Kurosu, M. Okuyama, S. Morino, M. Shibamura, S. Takanashi, T. Kamigaki, K. Otani, M. Nakashita, H. Ito, A. Miyazaki, M. Koshiko, M. Harakuni, M. Onuma, H. Chiba, M. Masutani, N. Sudani, Y. Satsuki, T. Takara, M. Suzuki, T. Sunagawa); Saitama Children’s Medical Center, Saitama, Japan (A. Oka); St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan (T. Katsuta, N. Shimizu); Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan (A. Saitoh); Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo (T. Sakamoto)

Main Article

Table 1

Results of blood examinations, drugs, and treatments after hospitalization for 27 patients in study of fatal SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients 0–19 years of age, Japan, January–September 2022*

Blood examinations at admission† No. patients Median (IQR) Reference range
Leukocytes, no./μL 12 9,200 (6,270–14,450) 4,100–16,300
Neutrophils, % 11 65.7 (32.6–76.0) 18–94
Lymphocytes, % 11 27.0 (11.4–32.3) 18–82
Hemoglobin, g/dL 12 13.4 (12.8–14.5) 11.5–14.4
Hematocrit, % 12 41.2 (38.9–44.6) 34.5–43.0
Platelets, 104/μL 12 19.4 (15.0–25.7) 18.0–51.0
PT-INR 5 1.32 (1.23–1.60) 0.75–1.15
Fibrinogen, mg/dL 6 186 (144–244) 200–400
D-dimer, ng/dL 5 39.3 (27.3–79.7) 0.15–1.0
Albumin, g/dL 10 4.6 (4.1–4.8) 3.6–4.7
Total bilirubin, mg/dL 7 0.31 (0.30–0.80) 0.3–0.9
Alanine aminotransferase, U/L 12 47 (25.5–274.5) 9–28
Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L 12 61 (42–322) 24–38
Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L 11 397 (254–738) 175–320
Creatine kinase, U/L 10 83.5 (62–201) 46–230
C-reactive protein, mg/dL 12 0.31 (0.11–0.47) 0.0–0.3
Sodium, mmol/L 12 137 (135–142) 137–144
Potassium, mmol 12 4.5 (3.7–5.3) 3.6–4.7
Glucose, mg/dL 9 171 (138–236) 70–200
Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL 12 15.9 (13.8–19.5) 6.6–19.6
Creatinine, mg/dL 12 0.61 (0.42–1.38) 0.25–0.34
Lactate, mmol/L 9 4.8 (4.2–9.7) 0.5–2.0

*Reference ranges are for persons 6 years of age. IQR: interquartile range, PT-INR, prothrombin time international normalized ratio. †Excludes patients who died before admission to hospital and those with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Main Article

1Preliminary results from this study were presented in Japanese as a government surveillance report at https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/ja/2019-ncov/2559-cfeir/11727-20.html.

2These first authors contributed equally to this article.

3Members of the COVID-19 Fatal Pediatric Cases Database Group who contributed data are listed at the end of this article.

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Page updated: July 20, 2024
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