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Volume 30, Number 8—August 2024

Research

Fatal SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Children, Japan, January–September 20221

Shingo Mitsushima2, Yuichiro Yahata2, Yuuki TsuchihashiComments to Author , Chiaki Ikenoue, Munehisa Fukusumi, Shogo Otake, Tomoe Shimada, Takuya Yamagishi, Hajime Kamiya, Yusuke Kobayashi, Hitomi Kurosu, Mai Okuyama, Saeko Morino, Miho Shibamura, Sayaka Takanashi, Taro Kamigaki, Kanako Otani, Manami Nakashita, Hanae Ito, Ayako Miyazaki, Masaya Koshiko, Masanao Harakuni, Megumi Onuma, Hiroko Chiba, Maki Masutani, Natsu Sudani, Yuka Satsuki, Taketoshi Takara, Akira Oka, Tomohiro Katsuta, Naoki Shimizu, Akihiko Saitoh, Tetsuya Sakamoto, Motoi Suzuki, Tomimasa Sunagawa, and COVID-19 Fatal Pediatric Cases Database Group3
Author affiliations: National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan (S. Mitsushima, Y. Yahata, Y. Tsuchihashi, C. Ikenoue, M. Fukusumi, S. Otake, T. Shimada, T. Yamagishi, H. Kamiya, Y. Kobayashi, H. Kurosu, M. Okuyama, S. Morino, M. Shibamura, S. Takanashi, T. Kamigaki, K. Otani, M. Nakashita, H. Ito, A. Miyazaki, M. Koshiko, M. Harakuni, M. Onuma, H. Chiba, M. Masutani, N. Sudani, Y. Satsuki, T. Takara, M. Suzuki, T. Sunagawa); Saitama Children’s Medical Center, Saitama, Japan (A. Oka); St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan (T. Katsuta, N. Shimizu); Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan (A. Saitoh); Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo (T. Sakamoto)

Main Article

Table 2

Results of examinations, drugs, and treatments after hospitalization for 27 patients in study of fatal SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients 0–19 years of age, Japan, January–September 2022*
Result
 No. (%) patients
Pathogen detected in blood culture†
Streptococcus spp. 2 (7)
Escherichia spp. 1 (4)
Fusobacterium spp.
 1 (4)
Chest CT findings‡
Ground-glass opacity 5 (21)
Consolidation 5 (21)
Pleural effusion
 1 (4)
Brain CT findings§
Cerebral edema 14 (40)
Loss of gray-white matter differentiation 7 (20)
Intracranial hemorrhage 3 (9)
Hydrocephalus 3 (9)
Congenital abnormalities
 3 (9)
Drug†
Inotrope 16 (59)
Steroid 14 (52)
Antiviral
12 (44)
Treatment†
Mechanical ventilation 23 (85)
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 5 (19)
Targeted temperature management 4 (15)
Blood transfusion 13 (48)
Immune globulin 4 (15)
Dialysis 3 (11)
Plasmapheresis 1 (4)

*CT, computed tomography. †Includes multiple pathogens, drugs, and treatments. ‡Includes multiple findings; 24 cases involving chest CT are included. §Includes multiple findings; 35 cases involving head CT are included.

Main Article

1Preliminary results from this study were presented in Japanese as a government surveillance report at https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/ja/2019-ncov/2559-cfeir/11727-20.html.

2These first authors contributed equally to this article.

3Members of the COVID-19 Fatal Pediatric Cases Database Group who contributed data are listed at the end of this article.

Page created: June 14, 2024
Page updated: July 20, 2024
Page reviewed: July 20, 2024
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