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Volume 30, Number 9—September 2024
Research

Mpox Epidemiology and Risk Factors, Nigeria, 2022

Dimie OgoinaComments to Author , Mahmmod Muazu Dalhat, Ballah Akawu Denue, Mildred Okowa, Nneka Marian Chika-Igwenyi, Sebastine Oseghae Oiwoh, Ekaete Alice Tobin, Hakeem Abiola Yusuff, Anastacia Okwudili Ojimba, Umenzekwe Chukwudi Christian, John-Tunde Aremu, Simji Samuel Gomerep, Kambai Lalus Habila, Sati Klein Awang, Olukemi Adekanmbi, Michael Iroezindu, Asukwo Onukak, Olanrewaju Falodun, Mogaji Sunday, Simon Mafuka Johnson, Abimbola Olaitan, Chizaram Onyeaghala, Datonye Alasia, Juliet Mmerem, Uche Unigwe, Vivian Kwaghe, Mukhtar Abdulmajid Adeiza, and on behalf of Nigerian Infectious Diseases Society (NIDS) mpox study group1
Author affiliations: Niger Delta University/Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Bayelsa, Nigeria (D. Ogoina); Infectious Diseases Control Centre, Kaduna State, Nigeria (M.M. Dalhat); University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria (B.A. Denue); Ministry of Health, Asaba, Nigeria (M. Okowa); Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria (N.M. Chika-Igwenyi); Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria (S. Oiwoh, E.A. Tobin); Ministry of Health, Abeokuta, Nigeria (H.A. Yusuff); Federal Medical Centre, Asaba (A.O. Ojimba); Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria. (U.C. Christian); Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria (J.T. Aremu); Jos University Teaching hospital/University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria (S.S. Gomerep); Kaduna State Emergency Medical Services and Ambulance System, Kaduna, Nigeria (K.L. Habila); Modibo Adamawa University Teaching Hospital, Yola, Nigeria (S.K. Awang); University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria (O. Adekanmbi); University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria (M. Iroezindu, J Mmerem, U. Unigwe); University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria (A. Onukak); National Hospital Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria (O. Falodun); Federal Medical Centre Ebute-Metta, Lagos, Nigeria (M. Sunday); Federal University Teaching Hospital, Imo, Nigeria (S.M. Johnson); Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria (A. Olaitan); University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria (C. Onyeaghala, D. Alasia); University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagalada, Nigeria (V. Kwaghe); Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria (M.A. Adeiza)

Main Article

Table 3

Univariate analysis of associated between sexual histories of adults and mpox-PCR status during mpox outbreak, Nigeria, 2022*

Variables† No. (%)
 cOR (95% CI) p value‡
Mpox positive Mpox negative Total
Condomless casual sex, n = 166
Yes 77 (62.1) 19 (45.2) 96 (57.8) 1.98 (0.98–4.02) 0.056
No
 47 (37.9)
 23 (54.8)
 70 (42.2)
Multiple sexual partners, n = 170
Yes 65 (50.8) 10 (23.8) 75 (44.1) 3.30 (1.50–7.28) 0.002
No
 63 (49.2)
 32 (76.2)
 95 (55.9)
Sex with sex worker, n = 166
Yes 23 (18.5) 4 (9.5) 27 (16.3) 2.16 (0.70–6.67) 0.228
No
 101 (81.5)
 38 (90.5)
 139 (83.7)
Transactional sex, n = 103
Yes 6 (8.10) 2 (6.9) 8 (7.80) 1.19 (0.23–6.27) 0.99
No
 68 (91.9)
 27 (93.1)
 95 (92.2)
Sex in prior month, n = 192
Yes 101 (73.7) 30 (54.5) 131 (68.2) 2.34 (1.22–4.49) 0.010
No
 36 (26.3)
 25 (45.5)
 61 (31.8)
Prior treatment for STI, n = 158
Yes 37 (31.6) 12 (29.30) 49 (31.0) 1.12 (0.51–2.43) 0.779
No
 80 (68.4)
 29 (70.70)
 109 (69.0)
Risky sexual behavior, n = 192§
  Yes 90 (65.7) 23 (41.8) 113 (58.9) 2.66 (1.40–5.06) 0.002
  No 47 (34.3) 32 (58.2) 79 (41.1)

*Boldface indicates statistical significance. OR, crude odds ratio; STI, sexually transmitted infection. †Variables are defined in the Appendix. ‡p values determined by χ2 tests. §Risky sexual behavior is defined as >1 of the following in the 3 mo before illness onset: condomless casual sex; multiple sexual partners (>2 more concurrent sex partners); treatment for sexually transmitted infections; transactional sex (payment for sex); sex with a sex worker.

Main Article

1Additional members of the NIDS study group Nigeria who are co-authors and contributed data to this work are listed at the end of this article.

Page created: July 30, 2024
Page updated: August 22, 2024
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