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Recombinant Myxoma Virus in European Brown Hares, 2023–2024
Luisa Fischer

, Erwin de Bruin, Evelien Jongepier, Erik Koffeman, Patricia König, Florian Pfaff, Martin Peters, Judith M.A. van den Brand, Marin Bussi, Dominik Fischer, Valentina Caliendo, Erik Weerts, Jooske IJzer, Janina Müller, Ann-Katrin Kühling, Maren Kummerfeld, Jana Müller, Henning Petersen, Sabine Merbach, Martin Beer, Mathilde Uiterwijk, Karst de Boer, and Jolianne M. Rijks
Author affiliation: Research Center for Hunting Science and Wildlife Management, State Agency for Consumer Protection and Nutrition North Rhine-Westphalia, Bonn, Germany (L. Fischer); Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (E. de Bruin, J.M.A. van den Brand, M. Bussi, V. Caliendo, E. Weerts, J. IJzer, J.M. Rijks); Royal Dutch Hunters’ Association, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (E. Jongepier); Fauna Management Unit Gelderland, Arnhem, the Netherlands (E. Koffeman); Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany (P. König, F. Pfaff, M. Beer); Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office Westphalia, Arnsberg, Germany (M. Peters, S. Merbach); Der Grüne Zoo Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany (D. Fischer); Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office Rhein-Ruhr-Wupper, Krefeld, Germany (Janina Müller, A.-K. Kühling); Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office Münsterland-Emscher-Lippe, Münster, Germany (M. Kummerfeld); Chemical and Veterinary Investigation Office Ostwestfalen-Lippe, Detmold, Germany (Jana Müller, H. Petersen); Centre for Monitoring of Vectors, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M. Uiterwijk, K. de Boer)
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Figure 2

Figure 2. European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) with myxomatosis caused by a hare-adapted natural recombinant myxoma virus during a 2024 outbreak in the border area of the Netherlands and Germany. A) Conjunctivitis (black arrow) and nodular skin proliferations at the lips and nose (white arrows). B) Inflammatory swelling of male genital mucous membranes with ulcerations (white arrows).
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