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Volume 32, Number 10—October 2026
Research
Genomic Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serovar Hadar Strain Linked to Poultry-Associated Salmonellosis Outbreaks, United States
Lingzi Xiaoli, Taylor Griswold, G. Sean Stapleton, Lee S. Katz, Zachary Ellison, Kaitlin A. Tagg, Hattie E. Webb, Katharine Benedict, and Jessica C. Chen
Table 1
Characteristics of isolates from genomic epidemiology study of Salmonella enterica serovar Hadar strain linked to poultry-associated salmonellosis outbreaks, United States*
| Outbreak (vehicle) | Total no. | Clade 1 |
Clade 2 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. isolates | Exposure information and isolate metadata | No. isolates | Exposure information and isolate metadata | |||
| A (BYP) | 140 | 134 | 54 clinical isolates with BYP exposure | 6 | 4 CP food product isolates | |
| 77 clinical isolates with unknown exposure | 1 Clinical isolate with CP exposure | |||||
| 1 beef food product isolate | 1 Clinical isolate with unknown exposure | |||||
| 1 pork food product isolate | ||||||
| 1 CP food product isolate |
||||||
| B (CP) | 6 | 0 | 6 | 2 CP food product isolates | ||
| 1 clinical isolate with CP exposure | ||||||
| 3 clinical isolates with unknown exposure |
||||||
| C (BYP) | 58 | 52 | 17 clinical isolates with BYP exposure | 6 | 1 CP animal isolate 1 CP food product isolate |
|
| 35 clinical isolates with unknown exposure | 1 clinical isolate with CP exposure | |||||
| 3 clinical isolates with unknown exposure |
||||||
| D (BYP) | 42 | 35 | 9 clinical isolates with BYP exposure | 7 | 1 CP animal isolate 2 CP food product isolates |
|
| 26 clinical isolates with unknown exposure | 2 clinical isolates with CP exposure | |||||
| 2 clinical isolates with unknown exposure |
||||||
| E (BYP and CP) | 66 | 24 | 6 BYP animal isolates | 42 | 2 CP animal isolates 21 CP food product isolates |
|
| 5 clinical isolates with BYP exposure | 4 clinical isolates with CP exposure | |||||
| 1 clinical isolate with CP exposure | 1 clinical isolate with CP and BYP exposure | |||||
| 12 clinical isolates with unknown exposure |
14 clinical isolates with unknown exposure |
|||||
| Not outbreak-associated | 91 | 63 | 53 clinical isolates with unknown exposure | 28 | 1 CP animal isolate 14 CP food product isolates |
|
| 1 clinical isolate with CP exposure | 13 clinical isolates with unknown exposure | |||||
| 8 CP food product isolates | ||||||
| 1 animal isolate with unknown exposure |
||||||
| Total | 403 | 308 | 95 | |||
*BYP, backyard poultry; CP, commercial poultry food products.
Page created: August 05, 2026
Page updated: September 17, 2026
Page reviewed: September 17, 2026
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