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Volume 32, Supplement –Summer 2026

SUPPLEMENT ISSUE
Supplement

Temporal Alignment of Wastewater Signals with Clinical Indicators of Respiratory Illness Postpandemic, Texas, USA

Kaiming BiComments to Author , Micaela Sandoval, Thuy Nguyen, Isrrael Perez, Lopita Ghosh, Trudy Krause, Cecilia Ganduglia Cazaban, Remy Pasco, Lauren Meyers, Fuqing Wu, Janelle Rios, Michael Tisza, Justin Clark, Anthony Maresso, Eric Boerwinkle, and Cici Bauer
Author affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA (K. Bi, M. Sandoval, T. Nguyen, I. Perez, L. Ghosh, T. Krause, C. Ganduglia Cazaban, F. Wu, J. Rios, E. Boerwinkle, C. Bauer); Texas Epidemiologic Public Health Institute, Houston (K. Bi, M. Sandoval, T. Nguyen, F. Wu, J. Rios, E. Boerwinkle, C. Bauer); University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA (R. Pasco); The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA (L. Meyers); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA (M. Tisza, J. Clark, A. Maresso)

Main Article

Figure 1

Association between daily wastewater signals (RPMF) and daily NSSP ED visits (per 100,000 population) for SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Harris and El Paso Counties, Texas, June 2022–June 2024. A–C) Harris County interpolated daily time series of RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (A), influenza (B), and RSV (C). Solid lines represent ED visits; dashed lines represent RPMF data. D–F) Daily RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (D), influenza (E), and RSV (F). Triangles represent single-day observations. G–I) El Paso County interpolated daily time series of RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (G), influenza (H), and RSV (I). Solid lines represent ED visits; dashed lines represent RPMF data. J–L) Daily RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (J), influenza (K), and RSV (L). Triangles represent single-day observations. Corresponding Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and p values are shown. ED, emergency department; NSSP, National Syndromic Surveillance Program; RPMF, reads per million filtered.

Figure 1. Association between daily wastewater signals (RPMF) and daily NSSP ED visits (per 100,000 population) for SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Harris and El Paso Counties, Texas, June 2022–June 2024. A–C) Harris County interpolated daily time series of RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (A), influenza (B), and RSV (C). Solid lines represent ED visits; dashed lines represent RPMF data. D–F) Daily RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (D), influenza (E), and RSV (F). Triangles represent single-day observations. G–I) El Paso County interpolated daily time series of RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (G), influenza (H), and RSV (I). Solid lines represent ED visits; dashed lines represent RPMF data. J–L) Daily RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (J), influenza (K), and RSV (L). Triangles represent single-day observations. Corresponding Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and p values are shown. ED, emergency department; NSSP, National Syndromic Surveillance Program; RPMF, reads per million filtered.

Main Article

Page created: July 17, 2026
Page updated: August 18, 2026
Page reviewed: August 18, 2026
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