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Volume 32, Supplement –Summer 2026

SUPPLEMENT ISSUE
Supplement

Temporal Alignment of Wastewater Signals with Clinical Indicators of Respiratory Illness Postpandemic, Texas, USA

Kaiming BiComments to Author , Micaela Sandoval, Thuy Nguyen, Isrrael Perez, Lopita Ghosh, Trudy Krause, Cecilia Ganduglia Cazaban, Remy Pasco, Lauren Meyers, Fuqing Wu, Janelle Rios, Michael Tisza, Justin Clark, Anthony Maresso, Eric Boerwinkle, and Cici Bauer
Author affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA (K. Bi, M. Sandoval, T. Nguyen, I. Perez, L. Ghosh, T. Krause, C. Ganduglia Cazaban, F. Wu, J. Rios, E. Boerwinkle, C. Bauer); Texas Epidemiologic Public Health Institute, Houston (K. Bi, M. Sandoval, T. Nguyen, F. Wu, J. Rios, E. Boerwinkle, C. Bauer); University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA (R. Pasco); The University of Texas at Austin, Austin (L. Meyers); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA (M. Tisza, J. Clark, A. Maresso)

Main Article

Figure 2

Association between weekly wastewater signals (RPMF) and weekly TX-APCD ED claims for SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and RSV in Harris and El Paso Counties, Texas, June 2022–June 2024. A–C) Harris County weekly trends in wastewater RPMF values versus TX-APCD ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (A), influenza (B), and RSV (C). Solid lines represent TX-APCD claims; dashed lines represent RPMF data. D–F) Weekly RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (D), influenza (E), and RSV (F). Triangles and diamonds represent single-week observations. G–I) El Paso County interpolated daily time series of RPMF values versus TX-APCD ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (G), influenza (H), and RSV (I). Solid lines represent TX-APCD claims; dashed lines represent RPMF data. J–L) Weekly RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for (J) SARS-CoV-2, (K) influenza, and (L) RSV. Triangles and diamonds represent single-week observations. Corresponding Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and p values are shown. ED, emergency department; RPMF, reads per million filtered; TX-APCD, Texas All-Payer Claims Database.

Figure 2. Association between weekly wastewater signals (RPMF) and weekly TX-APCD ED claims for SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and RSV in Harris and El Paso Counties, Texas, June 2022–June 2024. A–C) Harris County weekly trends in wastewater RPMF values versus TX-APCD ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (A), influenza (B), and RSV (C). Solid lines represent TX-APCD claims; dashed lines represent RPMF data. D–F) Weekly RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (D), influenza (E), and RSV (F). Triangles and diamonds represent single-week observations. G–I) El Paso County interpolated daily time series of RPMF values versus TX-APCD ED visits for SARS-CoV-2 (G), influenza (H), and RSV (I). Solid lines represent TX-APCD claims; dashed lines represent RPMF data. J–L) Weekly RPMF values versus NSSP ED visits for (J) SARS-CoV-2, (K) influenza, and (L) RSV. Triangles and diamonds represent single-week observations. Corresponding Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and p values are shown. ED, emergency department; RPMF, reads per million filtered; TX-APCD, Texas All-Payer Claims Database.

Main Article

Page created: July 17, 2026
Page updated: September 15, 2026
Page reviewed: September 15, 2026
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