Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link

Disclaimer: Early release articles are not considered as final versions. Any changes will be reflected in the online version in the month the article is officially released.

Volume 32, Supplement –Summer 2026

SUPPLEMENT ISSUE
Supplement

Laboratory Assessment of Wastewater as Surveillance Tool for West Nile Virus, United States

Jessica Spring, Audrey Long, Emily Davis, Shannon R. Matzinger, Allison Wheeler, Shelby L. Lyons, Daniel L. Jacobs, Rory Welsh, Jeffrey W. Mercante, Aaron C. Brault, and Holly R. HughesComments to Author 
Author affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (J. Spring, A. Long, E. Davis, S.L. Lyons, D.L. Jacobs, A.C. Brault, H.R. Hughes); Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA (S.R. Matzinger, A. Wheeler); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (R. Welsh, J.W. Mercante)

Main Article

Figure 2

West Nile virus (WNV) RNA detected in wastewater collections from sampled jurisdictions compared with other surveillance methods from laboratory assessment of wastewater as surveillance tool for WNV, United States. A) County A, California, USA. B) County B, Arizona, USA. C) County C, Illinois, USA. D) County D, Nebraska, USA. E) County E, Colorado, USA. F) County F, Indiana, USA. Wastewater samples from each county were tested by digital reverse transcription PCR and real-time reverse transcription PCR for WNV RNA. Wastewater data are compared with the number of other WNV-positive surveillance events reported to ArboNET (y-axis): human, equine, Culex mosquito, sentinel, and bird samples. Timeline for samples is dictated as days after first surveillance event (x-axis). Dotted vertical lines mark the time frame for available archived wastewater.

Figure 2. West Nile virus (WNV) RNA detected in wastewater collections from sampled jurisdictions compared with other surveillance methods from laboratory assessment of wastewater as surveillance tool for WNV, United States. A) County A, California, USA. B) County B, Arizona, USA. C) County C, Illinois, USA. D) County D, Nebraska, USA. E) County E, Colorado, USA. F) County F, Indiana, USA. Wastewater samples from each county were tested by digital reverse transcription PCR and real-time reverse transcription PCR for WNV RNA. Wastewater data are compared with the number of other WNV-positive surveillance events reported to ArboNET (y-axis): human, equine, Culex mosquito, sentinel, and bird samples. Timeline for samples is dictated as days after first surveillance event (x-axis). Dotted vertical lines mark the time frame for available archived wastewater.

Main Article

Page created: August 20, 2026
Page updated: September 10, 2026
Page reviewed: September 10, 2026
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external