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Disclaimer: Early release articles are not considered as final versions. Any changes will be reflected in the online version in the month the article is officially released.

Volume 32, Number 4—April 2026

Synopsis

Circulation Patterns, Genetic Diversity, and Public Health Implications of Enterovirus D68, Europe, 2014–2024

Cristina AndrésComments to Author , Ignasi Prats-Méndez, Sofie Midgley, Natasa Berginc, Alejandra González-Sánchez, Caroline Klint Johannesen, Andrés Antón, Patricia Nadal-Barón, Thea K. Fischer, Heli Harvala, and Kimberley S.M. Benschop
Author affiliation: Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain (C. Andrés, I. Prats-Méndez, A. González-Sánchez, A. Antón, P. Nadal-Barón); Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark (S. Midgley); National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Laboratory for Polio, Ljubljana, Slovenia (N. Berginc); Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (C.K. Johannesen, T.K. Fischer); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Infecciosas CIBERINFEC, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (A. Antón); University of Copenhagen, Denmark (T.K. Fischer); National Health Service Blood and Transplant, London, UK (H. Harvala); University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (H. Harvala); Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland (H. Harvala); University of Turku, Turku (H. Harvala); National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands (K.S.M. Benschop)

Main Article

Table 4

Amino acid changes within mice-neurovirulent-related sites (553, 554, 650 and 835) in clades A2/D and B3 in study of circulation patterns, genetic diversity, and public health implications of enterovirus D68 circulation, Europe, 2014–2024*

Year
 No. sequences (WG)
 Clade
 EV-D68 complete genome numeration

*Percentages are based on partial (650) or whole (553, 554, and 835) genome sequences. Numbering is related to complete EV-D68 genomes. Dots indicate amino acid is the same as in reference sequence. Dashed line notes start of COVID-19 pandemic period. A, alanine; E, glutamic acid; EV-D68, enterovirus D68; I, isoleucine; I/V, isoleucine/valine; L, leucine; L/V, leucine/valine; T, threonine; WG, whole genome; –, no information on amino acid position. †Refers to antigenic epitope BC-loop.

Main Article

Page created: March 04, 2026
Page updated: April 07, 2026
Page reviewed: April 07, 2026
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