Volume 15, Number 7—July 2009
Research
Relapse Associated with Active Disease Caused by Beijing Strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis1
William J. Burman
, Erin E. Bliven, Lauren S. Cowan, Lorna Bozeman, Payam Nahid, Lois Diem, Andrew Vernon, and for the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium
, Erin E. Bliven, Lauren S. Cowan, Lorna Bozeman, Payam Nahid, Lois Diem, Andrew Vernon, and for the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium
Table 1
Characteristics of case-patients and controls, Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 22*
| Characteristic | Case-patients (treatment failure or relapse), n = 64† | Controls (patients cured), n = 296† | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 42 (13) | 44 (14) | 1.0 (0.97–1.01) | 0.51 |
| Men |
54 (84) |
214 (72) |
2.1 (1.0–4.3) |
0.05 |
| Treatment | ||||
| Rifapentine, 1×/wk | 40 (63) | 151 (51) | 1.6 (0.9–2.8) | 0.10 |
| Rifampin, 2×/wk |
24 (37) |
145 (49) |
||
| Ethnic origin | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 22 (34) | 43 (15) | 3.1 (1.7–5.7) | 0.0002 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 25 (39) | 127 (43) | 0.9 (0.5–1.5) | 0.57 |
| Hispanic | 9 (14) | 71 (24) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 0.08 |
| Asian–Pacific Islander | 6 (9) | 45 (15) | 0.6 (0.2–1.4) | 0.23 |
| Native American |
2 (3) |
10 (3) |
0.9 (0.2–4.3) |
0.92 |
| Birthplace | ||||
| United States or Canada | 48 (75) | 200 (68) | 1.4 (0.8–2.7) | 0.24 |
| Mexico | 5 (8) | 36 (12) | 0.6 (0.2–1.6) | 0.32 |
| Europe | 2 (3) | 4 (1) | 2.4 (0.4–13.1) | 0.31 |
| Southeast Asia | 2 (3) | 6 (2) | 1.6 (0.3–7.9) | 0.59 |
| Western Pacific | 4 (6) | 33 (11) | 0.5 (0.2–1.6) | 0.24 |
| Other |
3 (5) |
17 (6) |
0.8 (0.2–2.8) |
0.74 |
| Baseline clinical features | ||||
| Fever | 50/62 (81) | 166/289 (57) | 3.1 (1.6–6.0) | 0.0007 |
| Sweats | 42/63 (67) | 162/287 (56) | 1.5 (0.9–2.7) | 0.14 |
| Cough | 61 (95) | 256/294 (87) | 3.0 (0.9–10.1) | 0.06 |
| Underweight‡ | 38 (59) | 82 (28) | 3.8 (2.2–6.7) | <0.0001 |
| Sputum smear positive |
55 (86) |
193/292 (66) |
3.1 (1.5–6.6) |
0.002 |
| Baseline chest radiographic features | ||||
| Cavitation | 54 (84) | 146/287 (51) | 5.2 (2.6–10.6) | <0.0001 |
| Bilateral pulmonary involvement |
50 (78) |
155/293 (53) |
3.2 (1.7–6.0) |
0.0002 |
| Two-month sputum analysis | ||||
| Smear positive | 16 (25) | 30/285 (11) | 2.8 (1.4–5.6) | 0.002 |
| Culture positive |
33 (54) |
48/267 (18) |
5.4 (3.0–9.7) |
<0.0001 |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage/family | ||||
| East Asian/Beijing | 15 (23) | 42 (14) | 1.9 (0.9–3.6) | 0.07 |
| Euro-American | 47 (73) | 221 (75) | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) | 0.84 |
| Indo-Oceanic | 0 | 25 (8.5) | 0.08 (0.01–1.4) | 0.01 |
| East African | 1 (1.6) | 3 (1.0) | 1.6 (0.16–15.1) | 0.54 |
| Unclassified lineage | 1 (1.6) | 5 (1.7) | 0.9 (0.11–8.04) | 1.00 |
*The Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study enrolled patients during 1995–1998. Participants in the case–control study were selected from among 1,004 HIV-infected participants.
†Except for age, values are no. (%) or no. positive/no. tested (%).
‡Less than 10% below ideal bodyweight at diagnosis.
1This study was presented in part at the 2008 International Conference of the American Thoracic Society, May 16–21, 2008, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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