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Volume 15, Number 9—September 2009
Research

Chicken Consumption and Use of Acid-Suppressing Medications as Risk Factors for Campylobacter Enteritis, England

Clarence C. TamComments to Author , Craig D. Higgins, Keith R. Neal, Laura C. Rodrigues, Sally E. Millership, Sarah J. O’Brien, on behalf of the Campylobacter Case–Control Study Group
Author affiliations: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C.C. Tam, C.D. Higgins, L.C. Rodrigues); University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK (K.R. Neal); Essex Health Protection Unit, Witham, UK (S.E. Millership); University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (S.J. O’Brien)

Main Article

Table 1

Final multivariable model of both habitual risk factors and risk factors for Campylobacter enteritis in the previous 5 days, adjusted for participant age group and sex, study site, and month of year, England, 2005–2006

Exposure domain and variable Odds ratio 95% Confidence interval p value
Health details
Previous Campylobacter infection 2.20 1.33–3.64 0.002
Use of acid-suppressing medication in previous 28 days
 3.39
 2.49–4.62
 <0.001
Pets
Pet fish 0.56 0.33–0.94 0.029
If last pet acquired was a dog, how long ago was it acquired?
Dog was not last pet bought/no pets 1.00 – –
>6 months ago 0.76 0.57–1.01 0.057
3–6 months ago 1.30 0.53–3.16 0.566
1–3 months ago 1.74 0.62–4.93 0.296
2–4 weeks ago 14.40 3.69–56.14 <0.001
<2 weeks ago
 1.08
 0.12–9.90
 0.946
Food
No. times salads eaten per week
0 1.00 – –
1 0.89 0.63–1.26 0.503
2 0.58 0.40–0.82 0.002
3 0.72 0.49–1.05 0.086
4 0.93 0.62–1.40 0.739
>5 0.63 0.44–0.91 0.013
No. times legumes eaten per week
0 1.00 – –
1 0.65 0.51–0.84 0.001
2 0.57 0.44–0.75 <0.001
3 0.47 0.33–0.68 <0.001
4 0.65 0.40–1.05 0.078
>5 0.66 0.42–1.04 0.071
No. times fruit eaten per week
0 1.00 – –
1 0.95 0.53–1.69 0.860
2 1.57 0.96–2.55 0.071
3 1.19 0.71–1.98 0.518
4 1.77 1.05–2.98 0.032
>5 1.06 0.70–1.61 0.775
No. times chicken eaten per week
0 1.00 – –
1 1.62 0.98–2.68 0.058
2 1.96 1.16–3.32 0.012
3 1.70 0.98–2.95 0.061
4 2.10 1.16–3.79 0.014
>5 3.74 2.06–6.80 <0.001
Regularly drinks raw milk 1.00 – –
Rarely/never
Yes, regularly 0.24 0.08–0.72 0.010
Yes, occasionally 0.70 0.33–1.51 0.365
Location where chicken eaten in past 5 days was prepared
No chicken eaten 1.00 – –
In the home/someone else's home only 0.70 0.49–1.00 0.050
Outside the home only 1.95 1.26–3.01 0.003
In the home and outside the home 0.70 0.48–1.03 0.069

Main Article

1The Campylobacter Case–Control Study Group comprises the following: Sarah J. O’Brien (Manchester University); Clarence C. Tam, Craig D. Higgins, Laura C. Rodrigues, and Brendan W. Wren (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine); Keith R. Neal (University of Nottingham); Bob Owen and Judith Richardson (Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections); Bharat C. Patel (Health Protection Agency Collaborating Centre, North Middlesex Hospital); Peter Sheridan (North East and Central London HPU); John Curnow (Cheshire and Merseyside HPU); Ken Lamden (Cumbria and Lancashire HPU); and Sally Millership (Essex HPU).

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The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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