Volume 15, Number 1—January 2009
Dispatch
Microsporidiosis and Malnutrition in Children with Persistent Diarrhea, Uganda
Siobhan M. Mor
, James K. Tumwine, Elena N. Naumova, Grace Ndeezi, and Saul Tzipori
, James K. Tumwine, Elena N. Naumova, Grace Ndeezi, and Saul Tzipori
Table 1
Clinical features of 224 children with persistent diarrhea with and without cryptosporidisis, Uganda*
| Feature | Total | Microsporidiosis |
Crude OR (95% CI) | p value† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||||
| No. patients | 224 | 68 | 156 | ||
| Age category, mo (SD) | |||||
| <6, no. (%) | 32 (14.3) | 5 (7.4) | 27 (17.3) | 1.0 | |
| 7–12, no. (%) | 108 (48.2) | 31 (45.6) | 77 (49.4) | 2.2 (0.8–6.2) | 0.137 |
| 13–24, no. (%) | 69 (30.8) | 24 (35.3) | 45 (28.8) | 2.9 (1.0–8.4) | 0.048 |
| >25, no. (%) |
14 (6.3) |
8 (11.8) |
6 (3.8) |
7.2 (1.7–29.9) |
0.004 |
| Female sex, no. (%) |
89 (39.7) |
29 (42.6) |
60 (38.5) |
0.8 (0.5–1.5) |
0.556 |
| Nutritional status‡ | |||||
| Mean WHZ (SD) | –1.44 (1.79) | –1.76 (1.83) | –1.30 (1.76) | 0.077 | |
| Mean WAZ (SD) | –2.61 (1.41) | –2.76 (1.60) | –2.55 (1.32) | 0.356 | |
| Mean HAZ (SD) | –2.16 (1.77) | –2.10 (1.90) | –2.19 (1.73) | 0.750 | |
| Wasted, no. (%) | 94 (42.0) | 37 (54.4) | 57 (36.5) | 2.1 (1.2–3.7) | 0.013 |
| Underweight, no. (%) | 148 (66.1) | 47 (69.1) | 101 (64.7) | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | 0.525 |
| Stunted, no. (%) |
121 (54.0) |
39 (57.4) |
82 (52.6) |
1.2 (0.7–2.2) |
0.508 |
| Concurrent cryptosporidiosis, no. (%) | 63 (28.1) | 55 (80.9) | 8 (5.1) | 78.3 (30.8–199.1) | <0.001 |
| HIV+, no. (%) | 77 (34.4) | 58 (85.3) | 19 (12.2) | 41.8 (18.3–95.4) | <0.001 |
| HIV+ and cryptosporidiosis, no. (%) | 54 (24.1) | 51 (75.0) | 3 (1.9) | 153.0 (43.1–543.5) | <0.001 |
*OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
†Continuous variables compared by using 2-sided t test. Categorical variables were compared by using Pearson χ2 test.
‡WHZ, weight-for-height z-score; WAZ, weight-for-age z-score; HAZ, height-for-age z-score. Children were considered wasted, underweight, or stunted if WHZ, WAZ, or HAZ were <–2.0, respectively.
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