Volume 21, Number 5—May 2015
Research
Protective Antibodies against Placental Malaria and Poor Outcomes during Pregnancy, Benin
Nicaise Tuikue Ndam
, Lise Denoeud-Ndam, Justin Doritchamou, Firmine Viwami, Ali Salanti, Morten A. Nielsen, Nadine Fievet, Achille Massougbodji, Adrian J.F. Luty, and Philippe Deloron
, Lise Denoeud-Ndam, Justin Doritchamou, Firmine Viwami, Ali Salanti, Morten A. Nielsen, Nadine Fievet, Achille Massougbodji, Adrian J.F. Luty, and Philippe Deloron
Table 1
Characteristics of 710 women and their infants in study of protective antibodies against placental malaria and poor outcomes during pregnancy, Benin*
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| At enrollment | |
| Study center, no. (%) | |
| Akodeha | 279 (39) |
| Comé | 266 (38) |
| Wedeme Pedah | 165 (23) |
| Age, y, mean ± SD, n = 698 | 26.7 ± 6.3 |
| Gravidity, no. (%) | |
| Primigravidae | 115 (16) |
| Secundigravidae | 154 (22) |
| Multigravidae | 441 (62) |
| Gestational age, wk, mean ± SD | 16.6 ± 4.8 |
| HIV status | |
| Positive, no. (%) | 13 (1.8) |
| Negative, no. (%) | 697 (98.2) |
| Hb level, g/dL, mean ± SD, n = 704 | 10.6 ± 1.3 |
| Anemia (Hb level <11 g/dL), no. (%), n = 704 | 439 (62) |
| Malaria infection, no. (%)† |
116 (16) |
| During follow-up | |
| No. antenatal visits, median (IQR) | 5 (4–6) |
| Anemia during follow-up, no. (%), n = 708 | 619 (87) |
| No. malaria infections during follow-up, no. (%)† | |
| 0 | 384 (54) |
| 1 | 183 (26) |
| 2 | 89 (12) |
| >3 | 54 (8) |
| Treatment for malaria other than IPTp-SP, no. (%)‡ |
88 (12) |
| At delivery | |
| Twin delivery, no. (%) | 16 (2) |
| Birthweight, g, mean ± SD, n = 679§ | 3,002 ± 486 |
| Low birthweight infant (<2,500 g), no. (%), n = 679§ | 71 (10) |
| Gestational age, wk, mean ± SD, n = 680§ | 39.6 ± 2.0 |
| Small for gestational age, no. (%), n = 612§ | 100 (16) |
| Preterm birth (age <37 wk), no. (%), n = 680§ | 53 (8) |
| Hb level, g/dL, mean ± SD, n = 649 | 11.0 ± 1.4 |
| Anemia (Hb level <11 g/dL), no. (%), n = 649 | 289 (45) |
| Placental malaria detected by blood smear, no. (%), n = 60 | 70 (12) |
*Hb, hemoglobin; IQR, interquartile range; IPTp-SP, intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine.
†Defined by a positive blood smear regardless of symptoms.
‡82 women received quinine and 6 received other antimalarial medications.
§Excluding twins and stillbirths.
Page created: April 17, 2015
Page updated: April 17, 2015
Page reviewed: April 17, 2015
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.