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Volume 21, Number 7—July 2015
Dispatch

Detection of Circovirus in Foxes with Meningoencephalitis, United Kingdom, 2009–2013

Steve Bexton, Lidewij C. Wiersma, Sarah Getu, Peter R. van Run, Georges M.G.M. Verjans, Debby Schipper, Claudia M.E. Schapendonk, Rogier Bodewes, Lucy Oldroyd, Bart L. Haagmans, Marion M.P. Koopmans, and Saskia L. SmitsComments to Author 
Author affiliations: RSPCA Norfolk Wildlife Hospital, East Winch, United Kingdom (S. Bexton); Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (L.C. Wiersma, S. Getu, P.R. van Run, G.M.G.M. Verjans, D. Schipper, C.M.E. Schapendonk, R. Bodewes, B.L. Haagmans, M.M.P. Koopmans, S.L. Smits); Abbey Veterinary Services, Newton Abbot, United Kingdom (L. Oldroyd); National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands (M.M.P. Koopmans)

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Table 1

Overview of testing results for fox serum samples used in a study of the detection of circovirus in foxes with meningoencephalitis, United Kingdom, 2009–2013*

Animal Year serum sample obtained Age Sex County Signs† Outcome 454‡ PCR§ Ct FFPE
VS7100001 2013 Adult F Nor Yes Euthanized Yes Pos 16.5 Yes
VS7100002 2013 Adult F Ess Yes Euthanized Yes Pos 39.3 No
VS7100003 2013 Adult F Nor Yes Euthanized Yes Pos 16.4 Yes
VS7100004 2013 Adult M Suf Yes Released Yes Pos 35.0 No
VS7100005 2013 Adult F Nor Yes Euthanized Yes Pos 16.4 Yes
VS7100006 2013 Adult M Bed Yes Euthanized Yes Pos 36.9 No
VS7100010 2009 Adult F Lei Yes Euthanized No Pos 23.4 No
VS7100014 2010 Adult M Suf Yes Euthanized No Pos 14.1 Yes
VS7100015 2010 Adult M Lin Yes Euthanized No Pos 14.3 No
VS7100017 2011 Adult M Nor Yes Euthanized No Neg ND No
VS7100018 2011 Adult F Nor Yes Euthanized No Neg ND No
VS7100019 2011 Adult F Cam Yes Euthanized No Pos 36.8 No
VS7100021 2011 Adult M Cam Yes Euthanized No Pos 25.3 No
VS7100025 2012 Adult M Suf Yes Euthanized No Neg ND No
VS7100030 2012 Adult F Nor Yes Euthanized No Neg ND No
VS7100032 2012 Adult M Ess Yes Euthanized No Pos 38.0 No
VS7100038 2013 Adult F Suf Yes Euthanized No Pos 17.9 Yes
VS7100008 2007 Adult M Cam No Euthanized No Neg ND No
VS7100011 2009 Adult M Lin No Euthanized No Pos 29.7 No
VS7100012 2010 Adult M Nor No Died No Neg ND Yes
VS7100020 2011 Adult M Cam No Euthanized No Neg ND No
VS7100022 2012 Adult M Cam No Euthanized No Pos 39.5 No
VS7100023 2012 Adult M Cam No Died No Pos 37.3 No
VS7100024 2012 Adult F Lin No Euthanized No Neg ND No
VS7100026 2012 Juvenile F Lei No Released No Pos 14.4 No
VS7100027 2012 Juvenile F Nor No Released No Pos 14.6 No
VS7100028 2012 Juvenile F Suf No Released No Neg ND No
VS7100029 2012 Juvenile F Lin No Released No Pos 14.2 No
VS7100031 2012 Juvenile M Suf No Released No Neg ND No
VS7100033 2012 Juvenile M Nor No Euthanized No Neg ND No
VS7100035 2013 Juvenile F Cam No Released No Neg ND No
VS7100036 2013 Adult M Cam No Released No Pos 39.2 No

*Bed, Bedfordshire; Cam, Cambridgeshire; Ct, cycle threshold values of real-time PCR; Ess, Essex; FFPE, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue; Lei, Leicester; Lin, Lincolnshire; ND, not determined; Neg, negative; Nor, Norfolk; Pos, positive; Suf, Suffolk.
†Neurologic signs were abnormal behavior, lack of fear, reduced alertness, aimless wandering, circling, facial muscle twitching, progressive weakness of hind legs, and visual abnormalities.
‡Samples were analyzed by using a viral metagenomics approach with the 454 sequence platform (GS Junior; Roche, Basel, Switzerland).
§TaqMan real-time PCR.

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Page created: June 15, 2015
Page updated: June 15, 2015
Page reviewed: June 15, 2015
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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