Table 3

Survey of Ebola Viruses in Frugivorous and Insectivorous Bats in Guinea, Cameroon, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2015–2017

Helene M. De Nys¹, Placide Mbala Kingebeni¹, Alpha K. Keita¹, Christelle Butel, Guillaume Thaurignac, Christian-Julian Villabona-Arenas, Thomas Lemarcis, Mare Geraerts, Nicole Vidal, Amandine Esteban, Mathieu Bourgarel, François Roger, Fabian Leendertz, Ramadan Diallo, Simon-Pierre Ndimbo-Kumugo, Justus Nsio-Mbeta, Nikki Tagg, Lamine Koivogui, Abdoulaye Toure, Eric Delaporte, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke, Jean-Jacques Muyembe Tamfum, Eitel Mpoudi-Ngole, Ahidjo Ayouba², and Martine Peeters²

Author affiliations: TransVIHMI of Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France (H.M. De Nys, P. Mbala Kingebeni, A.K. Keita, C. Butel, G. Thaurignac, C.-J. Villabona-Arenas, T. Lemarcis, M. Geraerts, N. Vidal, A. Esteban, A. Toure, E. Delaporte, A. Ayouba, M. Peeters); National Institute of Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (P. Mbala Kingebeni, S.-P. Ndimbo-Kumugo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe Tamfum); Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (P. Mbala Kingebeni, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe Tamfum); Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Conakry, Guinea (A.K. Keita, A. Toure); ASTRE of Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Institut national de la Recherche Agronomique and Univerisity of Montpellier, Montpellier (M. Bourgarel, F. Roger); Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany (F. Leendertz); Ministère de l’Elevage et des Productions Animales, Conakry (R. Diallo); Direction de Lutte contre la Maladie, Kinshasa (J. Nsio-Mbeta); Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium (N. Tagg); Université de Conakry, Conakry (L. Koivogui); Institut National de Sante Publique, Conakry (A. Toure); Institut de Recherches Médicales et d’Études des Plantes Médicinales, Yaoundé, Cameroon (E. Mpoudi-Ngole); Cameroon Institut de Recherche pout le Développement, Yaoundé (E. Mpoudi-Ngole)

Main Article

Blood samples from bats reactive with Ebola virus antigens in Luminex assay, by antigen, bat type, and statistical method used to determine cutoff, Guinea, Cameroon, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2015–2017*

GP-M	Total	259 (6.44)	143 (3.56)	18 (0.45)	115 (2.86)	0.45–6.44
VP	Frugivorous	55 (3.17)	8 (0.46)	24 (1.38)	44 (2.53)	0.46–3.17
VP	Insectivorous	19 (0.86)	5 (0.23)	6 (0.27)	14 (0.64)	0.23–0.86
VP	Total	75 (1.86)	14 (0.35)	30 (0.75)	59 (1.47)	0.35–1.86
NP + GP	Frugivorous	31 (1.79)	31 (1.79)	1 (0.06)	7 (0.40)	0.06–1.79
NP + GP	Insectivorous	6 (0.27)	6 (0.27)	1 (0.05)	1 (0.05)	0.05–0.27
NP + GP	Total	37 (0.92)	37 (0.92)	2 (0.05)	8 (0.20)	0.05–0.92
Sudan
NP	Frugivorous	71 (4.09)	15 (0.86)	34 (1.96)	77 (4.44)	0.86–4.44
NP	Insectivorous	12 (0.55)	1 (0.05)	5 (0.23)	18 (0.82)	0.05–0.82
NP	Total	84 (2.09)	17 (0.42)	39 (0.97)	96 (2.39)	0.42–2.39
GP	Frugivorous	459 (26.44)	147 (8.47)	17 (0.98)	121 (6.97)	0.98–26.44
GP	Insectivorous	49 (2.23)	6 (0.27)	1 (0.05)	1 (0.05)	0.05–2.23
GP	Total	509 (12.66)	154 (3.83)	18 (0.45)	125 (3.11)	0.45–12.66
VP	Frugivorous	102 (5.88)	20 (1.15)	28 (1.61)	61 (3.51)	1.15–5.88
VP	Insectivorous	19 (0.86)	4 (0.18)	6 (0.27)	18 (0.82)	0.18–0.86
VP	Total	121 (3.01)	24 (0.60)	34 (0.85)	80 (1.99)	0.60–3.01
NP + GP	Frugivorous	28 (1.61)	28 (1.61)	0	10 (0.58)	0–1.61
NP + GP	Insectivorous	2 (0.09)	2 (0.09)	0	0	0–0.09
NP + GP	Total	30 (0.75)	30 (0.75)	0	10 (0.25)	0–0.75
Bundibugyo
GP	Frugivorous	301 (17.34)	59 (3.40)	0	93 (5.36)	0–17.34
GP	Insectivorous	58 (2.64)	8 (0.36)	5 (0.23)	13 (0.59)	0.23–2.64
GP	Total	361 (8.98)	68 (1.69)	22 (0.55)	107 (2.66)	0.55–8.98
VP	Frugivorous	9 (0.52)	7 (0.40)	12 (0.69)	37 (2.13)	0.40–2.14
VP	Insectivorous	0	1 (0.05)	8 (0.36)	20 (0.91)	0–0.91
VP	Total	9 (0.22)	8 (0.20)	20 (0.5)	57 (1.42)	0.20–1.42
Reston
GP	Frugivorous	17 (0.98)	28 (1.61)	26 (1.50)	61 (3.51)	0.98–3.51
GP	Insectivorous	3 (0.14)	10 (0.45)	10 (0.45)	29 (1.32)	0.14–1.32
GP	Total	20 (0.50)	38 (0.94)	36 (0.90)	90 (2.24)	0.50–2.24

*VP refers to viral protein 40 of Ebola virus. Results are presented for frugivorous (n = 1,736), insectivorous (n = 2,199), and total (n = 4,022) bats. GP, glycoprotein; K, Kissoudougou strain; M, Mayinga strain; NP, nucleoprotein; VP, viral protein.

Main Article

¹These first authors contributed equally to this article.

²These senior authors contributed equally to this article.

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