Volume 24, Number 12—December 2018
Research
Survey of Ebola Viruses in Frugivorous and Insectivorous Bats in Guinea, Cameroon, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2015–2017
Table 4
Blood samples from bats reactive with both nucleoprotein and glycoprotein of Zaire or Sudan Ebola virus, by statistical method used to determine cutoff, Guinea, Cameroon, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2015–2017*
Bat family, genus | No. tested | Ebola virus species | Statistical method |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean + 4×SD |
Change-point |
Binomial |
Exponential |
||||||||||
No. | % (95% CI) | No. | % (95% CI) | No. | % (95% CI) | No. | % (95% CI) | ||||||
Hipposideridae | |||||||||||||
Hipposideros sp. | 1,282 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–0.3) | 0 | 0 (0–0.3) | 0 | 0 (0–0.3) | 0 | 0 (0–0.3) | |||
1,282 |
Sudan |
0 |
0 (0–0.3) |
0 |
0 (0–0.3) |
0 |
0 (0–0.3) |
0 |
0 (0–0.3) |
||||
Miniopteridae | |||||||||||||
Miniopterus sp. | 232 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–1.6) | 0 | 0 (0–1.6) | 0 | 0 (0–1.6) | 0 | 0 (0–1.6) | |||
232 |
Sudan |
0 |
0 (0–1.6) |
0 |
0 (0–1.6) |
0 |
0 (0–1.6) |
0 |
0 (0–1.6) |
||||
Molossidae | |||||||||||||
Chaerephon sp. | 44 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–8.0) | 0 | 0 (0–8.0) | 0 | 0 (0–8.0) | 0 | 0 (0–8.0) | |||
44 | Sudan | 0 | 0 (0–8.0) | 0 | 0 (0–8.0) | 0 | 0 (0–8.0) | 0 | 0 (0–8.0) | ||||
Mops sp. | 494 | Zaire | 6 | 1.2 (0.6–2.6) | 6 | 1.2 (0.6–2.6) | 1 | 0.2 (0.03–1.1) | 1 | 0.2 (0.03–1.1) | |||
494 |
Sudan |
2 |
0.4 (0.1–1.5) |
2 |
0.4 (0.1–1.5) |
0 |
0 (0–0.8) |
0 |
0 (0–0.8) |
||||
Nycteridae | |||||||||||||
Nycteris sp | 22 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–14.9) | 0 | 0 (0–14.9) | 0 | 0 (0–14.9) | 0 | 0 (0–14.9) | |||
22 |
Sudan |
0 |
0 (0–14.9) |
0 |
0 (0–14.9) |
0 |
0 (0–14.9) |
0 |
0 (0–14.9) |
||||
Rhinolophidae | |||||||||||||
Rhinolophus sp. | 86 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–4.3) | 0 | 0 (0–4.3) | 0 | 0 (0–4.3) | 0 | 0 (0–4.3) | |||
86 |
Sudan |
0 |
0 (0–4.3) |
0 |
0 (0–4.3) |
0 |
0 (0–4.3) |
0 |
0 (0–4.3) |
||||
Vespertilionidae | |||||||||||||
Glauconycteris sp.* | 3 | Zaire | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
3 | Sudan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Kerivoula sp.* | 1 | Zaire | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
1 | Sudan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Myotis bocagii* | 3 | Zaire | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
3 | Sudan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Neoromicia sp.* | 5 | Zaire | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
5 | Sudan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Scotophilus sp. | 22 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–14.9) | 0 | 0 (0–14.9) | 0 | 0 (0–14.9) | 0 | 0 (0–14.9) | |||
22 |
Sudan |
0 |
0 (0–14.9) |
0 |
0 (0–14.9) |
0 |
0 (0–14.9) |
0 |
0 (0–14.9) |
||||
Pteropodidae | |||||||||||||
Eidolon helvum | 480 | Zaire | 16 | 3.3 (2.1–5.4) | 16 | 3.3 (2.1–5.4) | 1 | 0.2 (0–1.2) | 4 | 0.8 (0.3–2.1) | |||
480 | Sudan | 14 | 2.9 (1.7–4.8) | 14 | 2.9 (1.7–4.8) | 0 | 0 (0–0.8) | 5 | 1.0 (0.4–2.4) | ||||
Epomophorus sp. | 207 | Zaire | 1 | 0.5 (0.08–2.7) | 1 | 0.5 (0.08–2.7) | 0 | 0 (0–1.4) | 0 | 0 (0–1.8) | |||
207 | Sudan | 0 | 0 (0–1.8) | 0 | 0 (0–1.8) | 0 | 0 (0–1.8) | 0 | 0 (0–1.8) | ||||
Epomops sp. | 280 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–1.4) | 0 | 0 (0–1.4) | 0 | 0 (0–1.4) | 0 | 0 (0–1.4) | |||
280 | Sudan | 0 | 0 (0–1.4) | 0 | 0 (0–1.4) | 0 | 0 (0–1.4) | 0 | 0 (0–1.4) | ||||
Hypsignathus monstrosus | 185 | Zaire | 3 | 1.6 (0.6–4.7) | 3 | 1.6 (0.6–4.7) | 0 | 0 (0–2.0) | 1 | 0.5 (0.05–3.0) | |||
185 | Sudan | 8 | 4.3 (2.2–8.3) | 8 | 4.3 (2.2–8.3) | 3 | 1.6 (0.6–4.7) | 2 | 1.1(0.3–3.9) | ||||
Lissonycteris angolensis | 84 | Zaire | 2 | 2.4 (0.7–8.3) | 2 | 2.4 (0.7–8.3) | 0 | 0 (0–4.4) | 0 | 0 (0–4.4) | |||
84 | Sudan | 0 | 0 (0–4.4) | 0 | 0 (0–4.4) | 0 | 0 (0–4.4) | 0 | 0 (0–4.4) | ||||
Megaloglossus woermanni | 20 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–16.1) | 0 | 0 (0–16.1) | 0 | 0 (0–16.1) | 0 | 0 (0–16.1) | |||
20 | Sudan | 0 | 0 (0–16.1) | 0 | 0 (0–16.1) | 0 | 0 (0–16.1) | 0 | 0 (0–16.1) | ||||
Micropteropus pusillus | 64 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–5.7) | 0 | 0 (0–5.7) | 0 | 0 (0–5.7) | 0 | 0 (0–5.7) | |||
64 | Sudan | 1 | 1.6 (0.3–8.3) | 1 | 1.6 (0.3–8.3) | 0 | 0 (0–5.7) | 0 | 0 (0–5.7) | ||||
Myonycteris torquata | 56 | Zaire | 0 | 0 (0–6.4) | 0 | 0 (0–6.4) | 0 | 0 (0–6.4) | 0 | 0 (0–6.4) | |||
56 | Sudan | 0 | 0 (0–6.4) | 0 | 0 (0–6.4) | 0 | 0 (0–6.4) | 0 | 0 (0–6.4) | ||||
Rousettus aegyptiacus | 359 | Zaire | 9 | 2.5 (1.3–4.7) | 9 | 2.5 (1.3–4.7) | 0 | 0 (0–1.1) | 2 | 0.6 (0.2–2.0) | |||
359 | Sudan | 5 | 1.4 (0.6–3.2) | 5 | 1.4 (0.6–3.2) | 0 | 0 (0–1.1) | 3 | 0.8 (0.3–2.4) | ||||
Scotonycteris zenkeri* | 1 | Zaire | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
1 | Sudan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
*Percentages were not calculated because the number of samples collected was too low.
1These first authors contributed equally to this article.
2These senior authors contributed equally to this article.