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Volume 24, Number 3—March 2018
Research

Major Threat to Malaria Control Programs by Plasmodium falciparum Lacking Histidine-Rich Protein 2, Eritrea

Araia Berhane, Karen F. Anderson, Selam Mihreteab, Karryn Gresty, Eric Rogier, Salih Mohamed, Filmon Hagos, Ghirmay Embaye, Anderson Chinorumba, Assefash Zehaie, Simone Dowd, Norman C. Waters, Michelle L. Gatton, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar, Qin ChengComments to Author , and Jane Cunningham
Author affiliations: Ministry of Health, Asmara, Eritrea (A. Berhane, S. Mihreteab, S. Mohamed, F. Hagos, G. Embaye); Australian Defence Force Malaria and Infectious Disease Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (K. Anderson, K. Gresty, S. Dowd, Q. Cheng); QIMR–Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane (K. Anderson, K. Gresty, S. Dowd, Q. Cheng); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (E. Rogier, V. Udhayakumar); World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (A. Chinorumba, J. Cunningham); World Health Organization, Asmara (A. Zehaie); Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA (N.C. Waters); Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane (M.L. Gatton)

Main Article

Table 1

Characteristics of patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum at 2 hospitals, Eritrea*

Characteristic Ghindae Massawa Overall
No. enrolled 26 25 51
Mean age, y (range) 29.15 (10–60) 29.08 (7–68) 29.12 (7–68)
No. males:no. females (ratio) 16:10 (1.6:1) 13:12 (1.08:1) 29: 22 (1.32:1)
Travel history outside area of residence, no. positive/no. tested 2/26 3/25 5/51
Clinical history in previous 2 weeks, no. positive/no. tested
Any malaria symptoms 25/26 24/25 49/51
Fever 10/26 24/25 34/51
Antimalarial treatment 0 0 0
Microscopy results
No. P. falciparum positive 26 25 50
GM parasite density, parasites/μL (95% CI), [range] 6,851 (3,490–13,448) [16–71,000] 5,304 (2,620–10,734) [55–100,000] 6,059 (3,782–9,705) [16–100,000]
PCR results
No. P. falciparum positive 26 24 50
No. P. vivax positive 0 1 1
RDT results
No. pan-pLDH positive 26 25 51
No. HRP-based P. falciparum positive 5 14 19
False-negative result for P. falciparum, % 80.8 41.7 62.0

*GM, geometric mean; HRP2, histidine-rich protein 2; pLDH, Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase; RDT, rapid diagnostic test.

Main Article

Page created: February 15, 2018
Page updated: February 15, 2018
Page reviewed: February 15, 2018
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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