Volume 25, Number 10—October 2019
Research
Sensitive and Specific Detection of Low-Level Antibody Responses in Mild Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections
Table 1
Cohorts used in study of specificity and sensitivity of assays for MERS-CoV*
Cohort | Country | Sample source | Infection | No. samples | Postdiagnosis range |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A |
The Netherlands |
Healthy blood donors (negative cohort) |
NA |
50 |
NA |
B |
The Netherlands |
Non-CoV respiratory infections† |
Adenovirus | 5 | 2–4 w |
Bocavirus | 2 | 2–4 w | |||
Enterovirus | 2 | 2–4 w | |||
HMPV | 9 | 2–4 w | |||
Influenza A | 13 | 2–4 w | |||
Influenza B | 6 | 2–4 w | |||
Rhinovirus | 9 | 2–4 w | |||
RSV | 9 | 2–4 w | |||
PIV-1 | 4 | 2–4 w | |||
PIV-3 | 4 | 2–4 w | |||
Mycoplasma pneumoniae | 1 | 2–4 w | |||
CMV | 9 | 2–4 w | |||
EBV |
12 |
2–4 w |
|||
C |
The Netherlands | Persons with recent CoV infections† | α-CoV HCoV-229E | 19 | 2 w–1 y |
α-CoV HCoV-NL63 | 18 | 2 w–1 y | |||
β-CoV HCoV-OC43 |
23 |
2 w–1 y |
|||
D1 | Qatar | S1-microarray positive persons with camel contact | NA | 19 | NA |
D2 |
S1-microarray negative persons with camel contact |
NA |
18 |
NA |
|
E | The Netherlands | RT-PCR confirmed MERS case-patients‡ | Acute‡ | 21 | 1–14 d |
F |
Convalescent‡ |
7 |
15–228 d |
||
G | South Korea | RT-PCR confirmed MERS case-patients | Mild infection§ | 17 | 6–12 mo |
H | Severe infection¶ | 15 | 6–12 mo |
*Cohorts A–C were established to test assay specificity; cohorts D–H were established to test assay sensitivity. CoV, coronavirus; CMV, Cytomegalovirus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HCoV, human coronavirus; HMPV, human metapneumovirus; MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome; mo, month; NA, not applicable; PIV, parainfluenza virus; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.
†Cross-reactivity.
‡Samples taken from 2 case-patients at different time points.
§Samples taken from 6 case-patients at different time points.
¶Samples taken from 5 case-patients at different time points.