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Volume 26, Number 1—January 2020
Research

Risk Factors for and Seroprevalence of Tickborne Zoonotic Diseases among Livestock Owners, Kazakhstan

Jennifer R. HeadComments to Author , Yekaterina Bumburidi, Gulfaira Mirzabekova, Kumysbek Rakhimov, Marat Dzhumankulov, Stephanie J. Salyer, Barbara Knust, Dmitriy Berezovskiy, Mariyakul Kulatayeva, Serik Zhetibaev, Trevor Shoemaker, William L. Nicholson, and Daphne Moffett
Author affiliations: Association of Schools and Programs for Public Health, Washington, DC, USA (J.R. Head); Public Health Institute, San Francisco, California, USA (J.R. Head); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.R. Head, S.J. Salyer, B. Knust, T. Shoemaker, W.L. Nicholson); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Almaty, Kazakhstan (Y. Bumburidi, D. Berezovskiy, D. Moffett); Zhambyl Oblast Public Health Protection Department, Taraz, Kazakhstan (G. Mirzabekova, K. Rakhimov); Zhambyl Oblast Health Department, Taraz (M. Dzhumankulov); Zhambyl Oblast Sanitary Epidemiology Expertise Center, Taraz (M. Kulatayeva, S. Zhetibaev)

Main Article

Table 2

Participation in activities putting them at high risk for tickborne zoonotic diseases among respondents in survey of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Kazakhstan*

Activities No. respondents % Respondents (95% CI)
Herding animals
Ever 297 17.4 (8.4–32.5)
Within the previous 4 mo
 190
 25.8 (14.3–42.2)
Assisting with animal births
Ever 226 11.3 (6.8–18.3)
Within the previous 4 mo
 140
 5.9 (3.5–9.9)
Shearing animals
Ever 331 26.0 (19.7–33.4)
Within the previous 4 mo
 223
 17.0 (12.9–22.1)
Milking animals
Ever 316 23.2 (16.3–31.9)
Within the previous 4 mo
 251
 18.9 (12.8–27.0)
Slaughtering animals
Ever 292 25.4 (15.8–38.1)
Within the previous 4 mo
 229
 20.4 (12.0–32.4)
Butchering or handling raw meat
Ever 351 36.4 (28.4–45.2)
Within the previous 4 mo
 296
 30.7 (22.7–40.0)
Eating raw meat
Ever 8 0.5 (0.1–1.9)
Within the previous 4 mo
 0
 –
Handling ticks with bare hands
Ever 61 3.5 (1.1–10.3)
Within the previous 4 mo
 27
 2.0 (0.4–8.4)
Working in a healthcare setting
Ever 5 0.3 (0.1–0.9)
Within the previous 4 mo
 3
 0.2 (0–0.8)
Working in a garden†
Ever 175 14.5 (7.6–27.4)
Within the previous 4 mo
 150
 12.4 (6.5–22.6)
Consuming unpasteurized milk or dairy products‡
Ever 8 1.0 (0.4–2.2)
Within the previous 4 mo
 0
 –
Participated in >1 high-risk activity
Ever 683 64.4 (50.9–75.8)
Within the previous 4 mo
 580
 55.4 (42.8–67.3)
Use of personal protective equipment
Assisting with animal births, n = 139†
Gloves 73 55.2 (35.8–73.1)
Gown 43 55.1 (30.3–77.6)
Boots 21 30.0 (11.8–58.0)
Glasses 3 12.7 (2.0–51.5)
None 46 20.4 (11.0–34.7)
Shearing animals, n = 222†
Gloves 172 83.6 (71.7–91.2)
Gown 119 73.9 (55.9–86.4)
Boots 59 20.6 (12.2–32.6)
Glasses 4 2.9 (0.7–11.4)
None 21 5.2 (1.7–15.2)
Milking animals, n = 250†
Gloves 26 15.5 (5.5–36.8)
Gown 178 81.6 (60.6–92.7)
Boots 12 5.7 (2.2–14.1)
None 71 17.5 (6.4–39.5)
Slaughtering animals, n = 229†
Gloves 36 23.3 (10.5–44.1)
Gown 91 49.1 (33.6–64.8)
Boots 16 5.2 (2.0–12.9)
Glasses 1 1.6 (0.2–9.4)
None
 129
 47.4 (29.8–65.7)
*Percentages weighted by calculating the inverse probability of selection and applying a post-stratification adjustment to each stratum to account for nonresponses. 
†>1 response possible.
‡Not considered a high-risk activity.

Main Article

Page created: December 18, 2019
Page updated: December 18, 2019
Page reviewed: December 18, 2019
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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