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Volume 26, Number 1—January 2020
Research

Risk Factors for and Seroprevalence of Tickborne Zoonotic Diseases among Livestock Owners, Kazakhstan

Jennifer R. HeadComments to Author , Yekaterina Bumburidi, Gulfaira Mirzabekova, Kumysbek Rakhimov, Marat Dzhumankulov, Stephanie J. Salyer, Barbara Knust, Dmitriy Berezovskiy, Mariyakul Kulatayeva, Serik Zhetibaev, Trevor Shoemaker, William L. Nicholson, and Daphne Moffett
Author affiliations: Association of Schools and Programs for Public Health, Washington, DC, USA (J.R. Head); Public Health Institute, San Francisco, California, USA (J.R. Head); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.R. Head, S.J. Salyer, B. Knust, T. Shoemaker, W.L. Nicholson); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Almaty, Kazakhstan (Y. Bumburidi, D. Berezovskiy, D. Moffett); Zhambyl Oblast Public Health Protection Department, Taraz, Kazakhstan (G. Mirzabekova, K. Rakhimov); Zhambyl Oblast Health Department, Taraz (M. Dzhumankulov); Zhambyl Oblast Sanitary Epidemiology Expertise Center, Taraz (M. Kulatayeva, S. Zhetibaev)

Main Article

Table 3

Interactions with ticks among respondents in survey of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Kazakhstan*

Human–tick interactions No. respondents % Respondents (95% CI)
Had a tick bite† 17 1.0 (0.3–3.3)
Handled tick with bare hands†
 61
 3.5 (1.1–10.3)
Method of tick disposal after bare hand removal, n = 27
Threw it out 1 3.2 (0.3–29.3)
Killed with bare hands† 1 0.5 (0–5.9)
Killed with object 16 93.6 (69.2–99.0)
Burned it
 10
 3.5 (0.6–18.8)
Number of tick bites in previous 4 mo
 0
 0
Method of human tick bite prevention‡
None 133 9.3 (3.9–20.8)
Long, layered clothing 694 68.8 (55.2–79.9)
Gloves 588 73.1 (60.5–82.9)
Pesticides in environment 267 13.8 (7.9–22.9)
Insect repellent on self, clothing 155 17.7 (10.0–29.3)
Avoiding woody areas 133 12.2 (4.1–31.0)
Avoiding unnecessary animal contact
 111
 13.9 (5.0–33.3)
Animal–tick interactions
Found ticks on livestock 486 29.7 (19.6–42.3)
Primary method used to remove ticks on livestock
Bare hands† 12 4.3 (1.2–15.0)
Gloved hands 95 29.8 (15.9–48.7)
With an object 291 51.7 (34.0–69.0)
Go to a clinic 15 3.3 (1.2–8.7)
Pour liquid mixture on animal 32 3.0 (1.2–7.1)
Burn the tick 6 0.7 (0.2–2.2)
Leave the tick 31 6.8 (2.6–16.3)
Use tick medication for animals 905 94.0 (76.0–98.8)

*Percentage weighted by calculating the inverse probability of selection and applying a poststratification adjustment to each stratum to account for nonresponses.
†High-risk tick interaction.
‡>1 response possible.

Main Article

Page created: December 18, 2019
Page updated: December 18, 2019
Page reviewed: December 18, 2019
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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