Risk Factors for and Seroprevalence of Tickborne Zoonotic Diseases among Livestock Owners, Kazakhstan
Jennifer R. Head
, Yekaterina Bumburidi, Gulfaira Mirzabekova, Kumysbek Rakhimov, Marat Dzhumankulov, Stephanie J. Salyer, Barbara Knust, Dmitriy Berezovskiy, Mariyakul Kulatayeva, Serik Zhetibaev, Trevor Shoemaker, William L. Nicholson, and Daphne Moffett
Author affiliations: Association of Schools and Programs for Public Health, Washington, DC, USA (J.R. Head); Public Health Institute, San Francisco, California, USA (J.R. Head); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (J.R. Head, S.J. Salyer, B. Knust, T. Shoemaker, W.L. Nicholson); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Almaty, Kazakhstan (Y. Bumburidi, D. Berezovskiy, D. Moffett); Zhambyl Oblast Public Health Protection Department, Taraz, Kazakhstan (G. Mirzabekova, K. Rakhimov); Zhambyl Oblast Health Department, Taraz (M. Dzhumankulov); Zhambyl Oblast Sanitary Epidemiology Expertise Center, Taraz (M. Kulatayeva, S. Zhetibaev)
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Figure 1
Figure 1. Number of CCHF-seropositive cases in villages included in serologic survey for tickborne diseases, Zhambyl region, Kazakhstan. Circle size denotes the number of IgG antibody–positive serology results indicating past exposure or IgM antibody–positive serology results indicating recent exposure to CCHF. Purple circles indicate that the village had previous known history of CCHF; green circles indicate the village had no known history of CCHF. CCHF, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.
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