Volume 26, Number 12—December 2020
CME ACTIVITY - Research
Clinical and Multimodal Imaging Findings and Risk Factors for Ocular Involvement in a Presumed Waterborne Toxoplasmosis Outbreak, Brazil1
Camilo Brandão-de-Resende, Helena Hollanda Santos, Angel Alessio Rojas Lagos, Camila Munayert Lara, Jacqueline Souza Dutra Arruda, Ana Paula Maia Peixoto Marino, Lis Ribeiro do Valle Antonelli, Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli, Ricardo Wagner de Almeida Vitor, and Daniel Vitor Vasconcelos-Santos
Table 1
Characteristics and ocular signs and symptoms among patients with confirmed acute toxoplasmosis infection at baseline examination, Brazil*
| Characteristics |
Total, n = 52 |
No ocular involvement, n = 40 |
Ocular involvement, n = 12 |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at infection, y, median (IQR)† | 34 (27–40) | 32 (22–38) | 43 (40–47) | <0.01 |
| >40 years of age† | 14 (27) | 6 (15) | 9 (75) | <0.01 |
| Sex | ||||
| M | 44 (84.6) | 33 (82.5) | 11 (91.7) | 0.50 |
| F |
8 (15.4) |
7 (17.5) |
1 (8.3) |
0.50 |
| Follow-up length, mo, median (IQR) |
36 (19–36) |
36 (12–36) |
35 (24–37) |
0.32 |
| Underlying conditions | ||||
| Arterial hypertension | 7 (13.5) | 4 (10.0) | 3 (25.0) | 0.23 |
| Diabetes mellitus |
1 (1.9) |
0 |
1 (8.3) |
0.23 |
| General signs and symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 49 (94.2) | 38 (95.0) | 11 (91.7) | 0.68 |
| Headache | 33 (63.5) | 25 (62.5) | 8 (66.7) | 0.81 |
| Myalgia | 30 (57.7) | 22 (55.0) | 8 (66.7) | 0.50 |
| Lymphadenopathy |
8 (15.4) |
7 (17.5) |
1 (8.3) |
0.50 |
| Ocular signs and symptoms | ||||
| VA at baseline, logMAR, median (IQR)†‡ | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.1 (0.0–0.6) | 0.01 |
| Eye pain | 8 (15.4) | 5 (12.5) | 3 (25.0) | 0.33 |
| Self-reported recent reduction of VA† | 10 (19.2) | 1 (2.5) | 9 (75.0) | <0.01 |
| Floaters† | 3 (5.7) | 0 | 3 (25.0) | 0.01 |
*Values are no. (%), except as indicated. Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test was used to compare continuous and the mid-p exact tests for proportions between subgroups. IQR, interquartile range; logMAR, logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution scale; VA, visual acuity. †Statistical significant at α = 5%. ‡For visual acuity baseline, binocular involvement was considered the worst VA.
1Presented in part at the 2015 American Uveitis Society Fall meeting, November 15, 2014, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
Page created: October 05, 2020
Page updated: November 19, 2020
Page reviewed: November 19, 2020
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.