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Volume 27, Number 1—January 2021
Research

Estimating the Force of Infection for Dengue Virus Using Repeated Serosurveys, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Jacqueline K. LimComments to Author , Mabel Carabali, Tansy Edwards, Ahmed Barro, Jung-Seok Lee, Desire Dahourou, Kang Sung Lee, Teguewende Nikiema, Mee Young Shin, Emmanuel Bonnet, Therese Kagone, Losseni Kaba, Suk Namkung, Paul-André Somé, Jae Seung Yang, Valéry Ridde, In-Kyu Yoon, Neal Alexander, and Yaro Seydou
Author affiliations: International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, South Korea (J.K. Lim, M. Carabali, J.-S. Lee, K.S. Lee, M.Y. Shin, S. Namkung, J.S. Yang); London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK (J.K. Lim, T. Edwards, N. Alexander); Centre MURAZ, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso (D. Dahourou, T. Nikiema, T. Kagone, Y. Seydou); McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M. Carabali); Action, Gouvernance, Intégration, Renforcement Program Equité, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (A. Barro, P.-A. Somé); Institut de Recherché en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou (D. Dahourou); I; nstitute for Research on Sustainable Development, Université de Paris, Paris, France (E. Bonnet, V. Ridde); Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Ouagadougou (L. Kaba); Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Washington, DC, USA (I.-K. Yoon)

Main Article

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants in study of force of infection for dengue virus, by dengue IgG status at enrollment, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, June–July 2015*

Characteristics All participants,† N = 2,897 Seropositive,‡ n = 1,920 Seronegative,‡ n = 977 p value§
Mean age, SD
22.32 (13.92)
27.02 (13.36)
13.08 (9.74)
<0.001
Age group, y <0.001
1–4 208 (7.2) 37 (1.9) 171 (17.5)
5–9 410 (14.2) 142 (7.4) 268 (27.4)
10–14 384 (13.3) 189 (9.8) 195 (20.0)
15–19 379 (13.1) 243 (12.7) 136 (13.9)
20–29 694 (24.0) 560 (29.2) 134 (13.7)
30–39 410 (14.2) 357 (18.6) 53 (5.4)
40–49 264 (9.1) 249 (13.0) 15 (1.5)
50–55
148 (5.1)
143 (7.5)
5 (0.5)

Sex¶
M 1,154 (39.9) 700 (36.5) 454 (46.5) <0.001
F
1,741 (60.1)
1,218 (63.5)
523 (53.5)

Ethnicity 0.712
Burkinabé 2,871 (99.6) 1,906 (99.6) 965 (99.5)
Others
13 (0.5)
8 (0.4)
5 (0.5)

Neighborhood/sector <0.001
Sector 22 447 (18.2) 342 (20.5) 105 (13.3)
Sector 25 510 (20.7) 395 (23.6) 115 (14.6)
Juvenat fille 517 (21.0) 353 (21.1) 164 (20.8)
Pazani 433 (17.6) 281 (16.8) 152 (19.2)
Zongo 547 (22.2) 297 (17.8) 250 (31.7)
Nioko
8 (0.3)
4 (0.2)
4 (0.5)

Occupation <0.001
Student 1,033 (35.8) 586 (30.6) 447 (46.0)
Housewife 885 (30.7) 666 (34.8) 219 (22.5)
Small business owner 163 (5.7) 130 (6.8) 33 (3.4)
Unskilled worker 153 (5.3) 124 (6.5) 29 (3.0)
Government official 92 (3.2) 77 (4.0) 15 (1.5)
Private sector employee 82 (2.8) 66 (3.5) 16 (1.7)
Merchant 55 (1.9) 46 (2.4) 9 (0.9)
Retired 53 (1.8) 26 (1.4) 27 (2.8)
Farmer 49 (1.7) 35 (1.8) 14 (1.4)
Skilled worker 43 (1.5) 32 (1.7) 11 (1.1)
Service sector worker
43 (1.5)
34 (1.8)
9 (0.9)

Education level <0.001
Illiterate 887 (30.7) 596 (31.1) 291 (29.9)
Literate, no education 72 (2.5) 58 (3.0) 14 (1.4)
1–6 y of school 803 (27,8) 455 (23.8) 348 (35.8)
7–10 y of school 551 (19.1) 388 (20.3) 163 (16.8)
11–13 y of school 274 (9.5) 200 (10.4) 74 (7.6)
>University 210 (7.5) 171 (8.9) 39 (3.0)
Others#
57 (2.0)
39 (2.0)
18 (1.9)

Self-reported preexisting conditions
Cardiovascular 113 (4.0) 100 (5.3) 13 (1.4) <0.001
Diabetes 10 (0.4) 7 (0.4) 3 (0.3) 0.817
Lung disease 19 (0.7) 17 (0.9) 2 (0.2) 0.034
Cerebrovascular 27 (0.9) 18 (0.9) 9 (0.9) 0.990
Musculoskeletal 101 (3.5) 82 (4.3) 19 (2.0) 0.002
Gastrointestinal 193 (6.7) 148 (7.8) 45 (4.7) 0.002
Anemia 10 (0.4) 2 (0.1) 8 (0.80) 0.002
Others
108 (3.8)
79 (4.1)
29 (3.0)
0.139
Self-reported previous dengue <0.001
Yes 13 (0.5) 13 (0.7) 0
No 2,421 (84.7) 1,635 (86.0) 786 (82.1)
Unknown 426 (14.9) 254 (13.4) 172 (18.0)

*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. 
†Total participants enrolled at serosurvey 1.
‡Results of IgG indirect ELISA among participants at serosurvey 1.
§p values based on χ2 test. 
¶2 individuals with missing information on sex.
#Religious and other informal education.

Main Article

Page created: September 23, 2020
Page updated: December 21, 2020
Page reviewed: December 21, 2020
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