Volume 27, Number 5—May 2021
Research
Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection among Farmworkers, California, USA, June–November 2020
Joseph A. Lewnard1
, Ana M. Mora1, Oguchi Nkwocha, Katherine Kogut, Stephen A. Rauch, Norma Morga, Samantha Hernandez, Marcus P. Wong, Karen Huen, Kristin Andrejko, Nicholas P. Jewell, Kimberly L. Parra, Nina Holland, Eva Harris, Maximiliano Cuevas, Brenda Eskenazi, and on behalf of the CHAMACOS-Project-19 Study Team2
, Ana M. Mora1, Oguchi Nkwocha, Katherine Kogut, Stephen A. Rauch, Norma Morga, Samantha Hernandez, Marcus P. Wong, Karen Huen, Kristin Andrejko, Nicholas P. Jewell, Kimberly L. Parra, Nina Holland, Eva Harris, Maximiliano Cuevas, Brenda Eskenazi, and on behalf of the CHAMACOS-Project-19 Study Team2
Table 1
Place of residence, living conditions, and working and transportation conditions that could lead to SARS-CoV-2 exposure among farmworkers enrolled in a cross-sectional study, Monterey County, California, USA, July 16–November 30, 2020*
| Characteristics | Enrollees, no. (%) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| All, n = 1,115 | Clinic, n = 565 | Outreach, n = 550 | |
| Community of residence | |||
| Salinas | 492 (44.1) | 263 (46.5) | 229 (41.6) |
| Northern Monterey County | 73 (6.5) | 18 (3.2) | 55 (10.0) |
| Southern Monterey County | 539 (48.3) | 284 (50.3) | 255 (46.4) |
| Outside Monterey County |
11 (1.0) |
0 |
11 |
| Household size | n = 1,115 | n = 565 | n = 550 |
| 0 others | 12 (1.1) | 8 (1.4) | 4 (0.7) |
| 1–3 others | 399 (35.8) | 187 (33.1) | 212 (38.6) |
| 4–6 others | 515 (46.2) | 259 (45.8) | 256 (46.5) |
| >7 others |
189 (17.0) |
111 (19.7) |
78 (14.2) |
| Children in household | n = 1,114 | n = 565 | n = 549 |
| Any children |
836 (75.0) |
440 (77.9) |
396 (72.1) |
| Children attending school or daycare | n = 1,111 | n = 562 | n = 549 |
| Any children |
85 (7.7) |
57 (10.1) |
28 (5.1) |
| Residential overcrowding | n = 1,115 | n = 565 | n = 550 |
| <2 persons/bedroom | 490 (44.0) | 224 (39.7) | 266 (48.4) |
| >2 to <4 persons/bedroom | 510 (45.7) | 289 (51.2) | 221 (40.2) |
| >4 persons/bedroom |
115 (10.3) |
52 (9.2) |
63 (11.5) |
| Ability to isolate at home if infected | n = 1,115 | n = 565 | n = 550 |
| Live alone or have >1 bedroom and bathroom |
643 (57.7) |
330 (58.4) |
313 (56.9) |
| Size of company | n = 939 | n = 574 | n = 456 |
| <25 workers | 108 (11.5) | 49 (10.1) | 59 (12.9) |
| 25–49 workers | 132 (14.1) | 67 (13.9) | 65 (14.3) |
| 50–499 workers | 447 (47.6) | 229 (47.4) | 218 (47.8) |
| >500 workers |
252 (26.8) |
138 (28.9) |
114 (25.0) |
| Work setting | n = 1,114 | n = 564 | n = 550 |
| Indoors only | 192 (17.2) | 103 (18.3) | 89 (16.2) |
| Outdoors only | 849 (76.2) | 425 (75.4) | 424 (77.1) |
| Indoor and outdoor |
73 (6.6) |
36 (6.4) |
37 (6.7) |
| Type of agricultural work | n = 1,105 | n = 555 | n = 550 |
| Working in the fields | 830 (74.4) | 416 (73.6) | 414 (75.3) |
| Packing shed | 133 (11.9) | 65 (11.5) | 68 (12.4) |
| Processing facility | 64 (5.74) | 34 (6.0) | 30 (5.5) |
| Nursery | 40 (3.6) | 18 (3.2) | 22 (4.0) |
| Truck driver | 38 (3.4) | 19 (3.4) | 19 (3.5) |
| Packing truck | 22 (1.97) | 15 (2.7) | 7 (1.3) |
| Other |
21 (1.88) |
12 (2.1) |
9 (1.6) |
| Commute to work | n = 1,088 | n = 554 | n = 534 |
| Alone or with household members only | 714 (65.6) | 341 (61.6) | 373 (69.9) |
| With nonhousehold members |
374 (34.4) |
213 (38.4) |
161 (30.1) |
| Contact with acute respiratory illness cases | n = 1,087 | n = 547 | n = 540 |
| None | 971 (89.3) | 449 (82.1) | 522 (96.7) |
| At work only | 66 (6.1) | 54 (9.9) | 12 (2.2) |
| At home only | 44 (4.0) | 38 (6.9) | 6 (1.1) |
| At home and work |
6 (0.6) |
6 (1.1) |
0 |
| Attended gatherings | n = 1,113 | n = 564 | n = 549 |
| Attended in preceding 2 weeks | 113 (10.2) | 50 (8.9) | 63 (11.5) |
*Clinic participants are those recruited on clinic premises, where they might have been seeking care for COVID-19 or any other illness. Outreach participants are those recruited at mobile testing operations in the community, who were not seeking medical care. SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
1These authors contributed equally to this article.
2Members of the CHAMACOS-Project-19 Study Team are listed at the end of this article.
Page created: February 27, 2021
Page updated: April 20, 2021
Page reviewed: April 20, 2021
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