Volume 27, Number 8—August 2021
Research
Modeling Immune Evasion and Vaccine Limitations by Targeted Nasopharyngeal Bordetella pertussis Inoculation in Mice
Figure 4

Figure 4. Host cytokine responses to LD nasopharyngeal inoculation and HD pneumonic inoculation of Bordetella pertussis. C57/Bl6 mice received LD of 500 CFU of B. pertussis in 5 µL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) via nasopharyngeal inoculation or HD of 500,000 of B. pertussis CFU in 50 µL PBS via pneumonic inoculation. Naive control mice were inoculated with 50 µL of PBS. Splenocytes were isolated from mice at day 14 postinoculation. A) IL-17; B) IL-4; and C) IL-10. Error bars indicate SD for 4 biologic replicates; analysis was conducted once. HD, high-dose–high volume; IL, interleukin; LD, low-dose–low-volume.
1These authors contributed equally to this article.
2Current affiliation: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
3Current affiliation: Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
4Current affiliation: Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.
5Current affiliation: Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.