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Volume 30, Number 11—November 2024
Research

Detection in Orchards of Predominant Azole-Resistant Candida tropicalis Genotype Causing Human Candidemia, Taiwan

Kuo-Yun Tseng1, Yin-Zhi Chen1, Zi-Li Zhou, Jyh-Nong Tsai, Min-Nan Tseng, Hsing-Lung Liu, Chi-Jung Wu, Yu-Chieh Liao, Chih-Chao Lin, De-Jiun Tsai, Feng-Jui Chen, Li-Yun Hsieh, Kuan-Chung Huang, Chun-Hua Huang, Kai-Ting Chen, Wen-Li Chu, Chiao-Mei Lin, Shu-Man Shih, Chao Agnes Hsiung, Yee-Chun Chen, Huey-Kang Sytwu, Yun-Liang Yang, and Hsiu-Jung LoComments to Author 
Author affiliation: National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan (K.-Y. Tseng); National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan (K.-Y. Tseng, Y.-Z. Chen, Z.-L. Zhou, C.-J. Wu, Y.-C. Liao, C.-C. Lin, D.-J. Tsai, F.-J. Chen, L.-Y. Hsieh, K.-C. Huang, C.-H. Huang, K.-T. Chen, W.-L. Chu, C.-M. Lin, S.-M. Shih, C.A. Hsiung, Y.-C. Chen, H.-K. Sytwu, H.-J. Lo); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu (Z.-L. Zhou, Y.-L. Yang, H.-J. Lo); Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan (J.-N. Tsai); Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan (M.-N. Tseng); Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, CHangHua, Taiwan (H.-L. Liu); National Cheng Kung University Hospital and Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan (C.-J. Wu); National Taiwan University Hospital College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (Y.-C. Chen); China Medical University, Taichung (H.-J. Lo)

Main Article

Table 1

Distribution of yeasts according to source in study of detection in orchards of predominant azole-resistant Candida tropicalis genotype causing human candidemia, Taiwan*

Yeast species (former species name)
 Environment
Farmers†
 Total
Fruit
 Soil
 Water
 Subtotal
 Armpit
 Hand
 Oral
 Subtotal
Pathogenic yeasts
Candida tropicalis 18 32 9 59 0 4 3 7 66
C. albicans 0 0 2 2 0 2 35 37 39
C. palmioleophila 3 26 1 30 1 1 0 2 32
Pichia kudriavzevii (C. krusei) 11 9 7 27 0 2 2 4 31
C. parapsilosis 0 0 0 0 12 12 5 29 29
Nakaseomyces glabratus (C. glabrata) 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3
Hanseniaspora opuntiae 11 3 5 19 1 0 3 4 23
Moesziomyces aphidis (Pseudozyma aphidis) 11 1 0 12 1 7 2 10 22
Pichia terricola (Issatchenkia terricola) 9 8 1 18 0 2 1 3 21
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa 6 1 0 7 5 9 0 14 21
Moesziomyces antarcticus (Pseudozyma antarctica) 13 1 0 14 0 5 1 6 20
Meyerozyma caribbica (C. fermentati) 7 3 4 14 1 1 2 4 18
Hanseniaspora uvarum 6 3 0 9 0 3 3 6 15
Kodamaea ohmeri 5 1 2 8 0 3 2 5 13
Meyerozyma guilliermondii (C. guilliermondii) 1 2 0 3 0 1 2 3 6
Other 27 species 13 10 4 27 5 15 7 27 54
Subtotal
 114
 100
 35
 249
26
 67
 71
 164
 413
Nonpathogenic yeasts
Rhodotorula taiwanensis 26 7 2 35 4 14 3 21 56
Rhodotorula paludigena (Rhodosporidium paludigenum) 30 8 4 42 0 4 1 5 47
Sporobolomyces pararoseus (Sporidiobolus pararoseus) 16 3 2 21 0 15 1 16 37
Rhodosporidiobolus ruineniae (Sporidiobolus ruineniae) 15 5 0 20 0 1 2 3 23
Hanseniaspora thailandica 6 5 1 12 0 1 2 3 15
Papiliotrema aurea (Cryptococcus aureus) 7 0 1 8 0 3 0 3 11
Pichia occidentalis 2 7 1 10 0 0 1 1 11
Starmerella bacillaris (C. zemplinina) 4 0 0 4 0 5 0 5 9
Rhodotorula toruloides (Rhodosporidium toruloides) 4 0 0 4 0 4 0 4 8
Debaryomyces nepalensis 2 3 0 5 1 0 1 2 7
Pichia manshurica 3 0 0 3 0 2 2 4 7
Papiliotrema ruineniae (Cryptococcus ruineniae) 5 0 0 5 0 1 0 1 6
Other 30 species 17 15 3 35 4 9 6 19 54
Subtotal
 137
 53
 14
 204
9
 59
 19
 87
 291
Total 251 153 49 453 35 126 90 251 704

*Values are numbers of each yeast species isolated from different sources. †Swab samples were collected from hands and armpits of orchard farmers; oral rinse samples were also collected from orchard farmers.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: September 04, 2024
Page updated: November 01, 2024
Page reviewed: November 01, 2024
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