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Volume 31, Number 8—August 2025

Dispatch

Identification of Co-Circulating Dengue and South America–Origin Zika Viruses, Pakistan, 2021–2022

Najeeha T. Iqbal1, Kaitlin Sawatzki1, Kumail Ahmed, Jennifer Tisoncik-Go, Elise Smith, Kathleen Voss, John Cornelius, Lu Wang, Alicen B. Spaulding, Leonid Serebryannyy, Daniel C. Douek, Muhammad Asif Syed, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Erum Khan, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, and Michael GaleComments to Author 
Author affiliation: The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (N.T. Iqbal, K. Ahmed, S.F. Mahmood, E. Khan); University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (K. Sawatzki, J. Tisoncik-Go, E. Smith, K. Voss, J. Cornelius, W.C. Van Voorhis); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA (L. Wang, A.B. Spaulding, L. Serebryannyy, D.C. Douek); Pakistan Field Epidemiology Laboratory Training Program, Karachi, Pakistan (M.A. Syed); University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (M. Gale, Jr.)

Main Article

Table 2

Real time qRT-PCR and serologic assay results for DENV and ZIKV infection determination in study of co-circulation of dengue and South America–origin Zika viruses, Pakistan, 2021–2022*

Patient Day DENV (Ct<40) ZIKV (Ct<40) ZIKV (Ct<38.5) ZIKV (Ct<38.5) Zika IgG ELISA (OD) MSD Assay IgG, ECL (ZIKV/DENV)
1 1 24.88 Not done Negative 37.57 0.2269 5572/9031 (0.6x)
2 1 32.95 Not done Negative Negative 0.1356 (eq) 46364/69634 (0.6x)
3 1 38.59 Negative 34.72 37.46 0.1855 (eq) 35809/57433 (0.6x)
4 1 37.64 Negative Negative 37.21 1.9765 42482/5103 (8x)
5 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 2.1297 103454/378372 (0.2x)
6 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 1.1431 25304/111319 (0.2x)
2 28 Negative Not done 33.36 Negative 2.3136 167354/644477 (0.2x)
7 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 1.192 24500/115362 (0.2x)
8 28 39.23 Not done Negative Negative 0.2008 14599/5609 (2.6x)
9 28 39.50 Not done Negative Negative 0.8356 36655/1098636 (0.03x)
3 28 Negative Negative 38.44 38.93 1.5498 30842/5012 (6x)
4 28 Negative Negative Not done Not done −0.0012 8975/319294 (0.03x)
10 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 0.2963 22245/413868 (0.05x)
11 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 0.1616 (eq) 9915/462840 (0.02x)
12 28 Negative Not done Negative 39.04 0.2974 75115/194188 (0.4x)
13 28 44.26 Not done 36.47 Negative 1.3555 53643/161184 (0.3x)

*Bold text represents positive assay values. Ct. cycle threshold; DENV. dengue virus; ECL, electrochemiluminescence; ELISA. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; eq. equivocal; MSD. Meso Scale Discovery; OD. optical density; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription PCR; ZIKV, Zika virus.

Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: July 02, 2025
Page updated: July 17, 2025
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