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Volume 31, Number 8—August 2025

Dispatch

Identification of Co-Circulating Dengue and South America–Origin Zika Viruses, Pakistan, 2021–2022

Najeeha T. Iqbal1, Kaitlin Sawatzki1, Kumail Ahmed, Jennifer Tisoncik-Go, Elise Smith, Kathleen Voss, John Cornelius, Lu Wang, Alicen B. Spaulding, Leonid Serebryannyy, Daniel C. Douek, Muhammad Asif Syed, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Erum Khan, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, and Michael GaleComments to Author 
Author affiliation: The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (N.T. Iqbal, K. Ahmed, S.F. Mahmood, E. Khan); University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (K. Sawatzki, J. Tisoncik-Go, E. Smith, K. Voss, J. Cornelius, W.C. Van Voorhis); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA (L. Wang, A.B. Spaulding, L. Serebryannyy, D.C. Douek); Pakistan Field Epidemiology Laboratory Training Program, Karachi (M.A. Syed); University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (M. Gale, Jr.)

Main Article

Table 2

Real time qRT-PCR and serologic assay results for DENV and ZIKV infection determination in study of co-circulation of dengue and South America–origin Zika viruses, Pakistan, 2021–2022*

Patient Day DENV (Ct<40) ZIKV (Ct<40) ZIKV (Ct<38.5) ZIKV (Ct<38.5) Zika IgG ELISA (OD) MSD Assay IgG, ECL (ZIKV/DENV)
1 1 24.88 Not done Negative 37.57 0.2269 5,572/9,031 (0.6×)
2 1 32.95 Not done Negative Negative 0.1356 (eq) 46,364/69,634 (0.6×)
3 1 38.59 Negative 34.72 37.46 0.1855 (eq) 35,809/57,433 (0.6×)
4 1 37.64 Negative Negative 37.21 1.9765 42,482/5,103 (8×)
5 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 2.1297 103,454/378,372 (0.2×)
6 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 1.1431 25,304/111,319 (0.2×)
2 28 Negative Not done 33.36 Negative 2.3136 167,354/644,477 (0.2×)
7 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 1.192 24,500/115,362 (0.2×)
8 28 39.23 Not done Negative Negative 0.2008 14,599/5,609 (2.6×)
9 28 39.50 Not done Negative Negative 0.8356 36,655/1,098,636 (0.03×)
3 28 Negative Negative 38.44 38.93 1.5498 30,842/5,012 (6×)
4 28 Negative Negative Not done Not done −0.0012 8,975/319,294 (0.03×)
10 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 0.2963 22,245/413,868 (0.05×)
11 28 Negative Not done Negative Negative 0.1616 (eq) 9,915/462,840 (0.02×)
12 28 Negative Not done Negative 39.04 0.2974 75,115/194,188 (0.4×)
13 28 44.26 Not done 36.47 Negative 1.3555 53,643/161,184 (0.3×)

*Bold text represents positive assay values. Ct, cycle threshold; DENV, dengue virus; ECL, electrochemiluminescence; eq, equivocal; MSD, Meso Scale Discovery; OD, optical density; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription PCR; ZIKV, Zika virus.

Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: July 02, 2025
Page updated: July 22, 2025
Page reviewed: July 22, 2025
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