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Volume 31, Number 9—September 2025
Research
Drivers of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Natural Host and Effects of Control Measures, Bulgaria
Table 1
Results from multivariable mixed-effect models used to assess serologic associations in study of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in sheep and effects of control measures, Bulgaria*
Characteristic | CCHFV glycoprotein Gc IgG positive |
CCHFV nucleoprotein IgG positive |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
aOR (95% CI) | p value | aOR (95% CI) | p value | ||
Study type | |||||
Follow-up, March 2018, n = 58 | Referent | Referent | |||
Cross-sectional, Oct 2017, n = 140 |
1.31 (0.64–2.75) |
0.464 |
14.49 (5.54–46.93) |
<0.001 |
|
Age category | |||||
13–24 mo., young adult sheep, n = 115 | Referent | Referent | |||
3–12 mo., lambs, n = 83 | 1.44 (0.74–2.82) | 0.283 | 1.8 (0.94–3.68) | 0.073 |
*Associations between CCHFV glycoprotein Gc or nucleoprotein seropositivity and time of sampling (study type) and age; only farms visited during both field studies 1 and 2 (n = 14) and sheep of the same age (3–24 mo) (total no. = 198) were considered. Models had farm as a random effect. Results from univariate analysis are in the Appendix (Appendix Tables 1, 2, https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/31/9/24-1952-App1.pdf). aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CCHFV, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.